刑法立法的正当性根据——一种历史维度上的观照  

On the Basis of the Legitimacy of the Criminal Law Legislation——A Historical Interpretation

作　　者：王焕婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学研究生教育学院,上海200042

出　　处：《江汉学术》2016年第3期12-19,共8页JIANGHAN ACADEMIC

摘　　要：刑法立法的正当性根据分析作为一个宏大的系统命题,需要历史、政治、经济、文化等多视角地展开。现代民主社会主权在民以及代议制之宪法思想,赋予人民代表代表人民立法之主体资格。市民社会的兴起一定程度上限制了政治国家的刑权力,判断行为是否应受刑罚处罚和是否具有社会危害性,是其价值判断主体——社会主文化群依据其利益欲求进行衡量的结果。法律本位的历史变迁要求实现国权主义刑法向民权主义刑法的转变;刑法保护法益的最后手段性决定刑罚的内缩性而非扩张性。适中的犯罪圈与刑罚是人类社会宽容精神在刑事法领域之具体化。罪刑法定原则实质上的明确性和内容的适当性确保刑法实体内容的合理性。这些要素缺一不可地成为刑法立法正当性的基本元素。The analysis of the basis of criminal law legislation legitimacy, as a grand system proposition, needs to be developed from historical, political, economic, and cultural perspectives.The constitutional thought of popular sovereignty and representative system in modern societies gives the people＇ s deputies the subject qualification for people＇ s legislation. The rise of civil societies, to an extent, has restricted a political state＇ s power of punishment ; the judgment of whether an action should be punished by criminal penalty and whether it is harmful to society is the result of the mea- surement by the state＇ s subject of value judgment - the society＇ s main culture group - according to its interest desires. The historic change of law standards has required a change from statist criminal law to democratic criminal law ; the crim- inal law＇ s nature as the last means of legal interest protection has decided penalty＇ s contraction rather than expansion. Moderate criminal circle and penalty reflect human beings＇ spirit of tolerance in the field of criminal law. The substantial clarity and the content＇ s appropriateness of the principle of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime ensure the rationality of criminal law＇ s substantive content.All these are indispensable fundamental elements for the legitimacy of the criminal law legislation.

关 键 词：刑法立法 立法正当性 法律本位 犯罪圈 罪刑法定 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]