《塔林手册》中有关网络战争的武力使用问题——从国际法角度展开  

Use of Force in the Cyber Warfare as Defined in Tallinn Manual——Analysis from the Angle of the International Law

作　　者：季华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《江汉学术》2016年第3期28-34,共7页JIANGHAN ACADEMIC

摘　　要：禁止使用武力是《联合国宪章》第2条第4项明确规定的,也是一项强行国际法规则(jus cogens)。尽管《联合国宪章》没有确定"武力使用"的范畴,但根据条约解释规则,"武力"一词应被限定为军事力量。作为一部意图规制国际网络安全的文件——《塔林手册》,坚持将网络攻击等活动纳入到"武力使用"的范畴之内。手册既无法律约束力,也不是一项法律创制;手册本身对武力使用的定性存在法理缺陷和实践误读。《塔林手册》对武力使用的界定值得传统国际法规则回应和反思。Refraining from the use of force is specified in Item 4, Article 2 of The Charter of the United Nations and is also a rule of jus cogens. Although The Charter of the United Nations does not define ＂the use of force＂, the word ＂force＂ should be restricted to the military category according to the rules that are used to interpret treaties. As a document intended to regulate international cyber security, however, the Tallinn Manual qualifies cyber-attacks as ＂use of force＂. The Manual is neither legally binding nor is a legal creation ; the qualification of the use of force in the Manual is both defective in theory and misleading in practice. The Tallinn Manual＇ s definition needs to be responded to and reconsidered by traditional rules of the international law.

关 键 词：网络安全 网络战争 国际法 《塔林手册》 武力使用 《联合国宪章》 

分 类 号：D99[政治法律—国际法学]