膀胱输尿管反流的精准诊治进展  

Progress of precise diagnosis and treatment for vesicoureteral reflux

作　　者：徐虹[1] 张欣[1] 陈宏[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属儿科医院肾内科,上海201102 [2]复旦大学附属儿科医院泌尿外科,上海201102

出　　处：《中华肾病研究电子杂志》2016年第2期56-60,共5页Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation（Electronic Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(81400684;81200487)

摘　　要：膀胱输尿管反流(VUR)是儿童最为常见的泌尿系统疾病,该病使患儿更易出现肾盂肾炎,是儿童尿路感染后肾脏疤痕形成的最重要的风险因素。到目前为止,对VUR的诊断及治疗仍有很多争议,其争议内容主要是围绕着哪些儿童应该评估反流的有无,以及一旦确诊VUR时哪些儿童又应该接受治疗及接受何种治疗。VUR是一种遗传性疾病,但是该病具有种族差异性、遗传异质性等特点,迄今为止国际上尚没有公认的、一致的主要致病基因。明确不同基因突变所致的VUR的研究,有助于做出肾疤痕形成是先天性还是后天性的判断,从而在临床做出精确诊断及精准治疗。Vesicoureteral reflux（ VUR） is the commonest urinary tract diseases in children. It predisposes subjects to acute pyelonephritis,and is the most important risk factor for renal scars formation after urinary tract infections in children. Up to now,controversies still exist on the diagnosis and treatment of VUR,mainly focusing on which children should be assessed for existence of VUR,and which children should receive what kind of treatment once VUR is recognized. In research on its pathogenic mechanisms,VUR has been found to be a genetic disorder with features of racial differences,and genetic heterogeneity,etc. So far,there have not been internationally-recognized consistent major disease-causing genes. Studies to clarify the different gene mutations for causing VUR,will help to judge whether the renal scars are congenital or acquired ones,so as to make precise diagnosis and precise treatment.

关 键 词：膀胱输尿管反流 尿路感染 儿童 基因 精准医学 

分 类 号：R726.9[医药卫生—儿科]