论新中国城市规划发展的历史分期  

DIVISION OF HISTORICAL STAGES OF URBAN PLANNING DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA SINCE 1949

作　　者：李浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国城市规划设计研究院邹德慈院

出　　处：《城市规划》2016年第4期20-26,共7页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51478439,51378476,50978236)

摘　　要：历史分期是新中国城市规划历史研究的基本方法和必要手段。由于城市规划发展的独特性,其历史分期工作存在认识和实践上的诸多困难。在相关研究综述的基础上,围绕历史分期指导思想、历史分期依据(标准)、分期标志的选择、历史分期(阶段)的划分数量、"过渡"阶段的归属等若干问题,深入讨论了新中国城市规划发展历史分期的基本思路、原则和方法。进而结合城市规划发展事件的详实史料,提出"二、六、十一"的历史分期方案,即在宏观、中观和微观层次上分别划分为2个历史时期、6个发展阶段及11个再细分的亚阶段。在具体表述上,主张以中观层次的6个发展阶段作为历史分期的主体形式,即新中国城市规划的初创期(1949-1957年)、城市规划发展的动荡期(1958-1965年)、城市规划发展的停滞期(1966-1977年)、城市规划发展的恢复期(1978-1989年)、城市规划发展的建构期(1990-2007年)、城市规划发展的转型期(2008年至今)。The division of historical stages is a basic method and necessary means to the study of urban planning development in China since 1949. Because of the particularity of urban planning development, there exist many difficulties in the understanding and practice of its historical stages. Based on the related research review, this paper discusses the basic ideas, principles, and methods for dividing the historical stages of urban planning development in China since 1949 in accordance with issues, including the guiding ideology, bases （standards）, selected markers, the number, and the attribution of ＂transitional＂ phases of historical stages. In addition, with the assistance of abundant historical materials, it proposes the ＂two, six, and eleven＂ historical stage scheme, that is, ＂two＂ historical periods - the planned economy period and the reform and opening-up period, ＂six＂ main development stages, and ＂eleven＂ sub-stages which are divided from the perspectives of the macro-, meso-, and micro-levels. In the specific expression of historical studies, this paper advises to adopt the six main development stages divided from the meso- level： the primary founding stage of urban planning （1949 - 1957）; the turbulent stage of urban planning （1958 - 1965）; the stagnation stage of urban planning （1966 - 1977）; the recovery stage of urban planning （1978 - 1989）; the construction stage of urban planning （1990 - 2007）; the transformation stage of urban planning （2008 -）.

关 键 词：中国近现代史 现代城市规划 城市 规划史 城市史 历史分期方案 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]