不同萃取方式对胜利褐煤结构的影响  

The Influence of Different Extraction Methods on Shengli Brown Coal Structure

作　　者：赵迎亚 冯莉[1] 张曼[1] 于晓慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2016年第4期5-8,共4页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB214900);国家自然科学基金项目(51274197);高等学校学科创新引智计划资助(B12030)

摘　　要：选取丙酮、甲醇、四氢呋喃3种溶剂,采用索氏萃取、超声波辅助萃取和微波辅助萃取3种方式萃取胜利褐煤。通过比较萃余煤孔隙结构的改变,探索了不同能量场对小分子相溶出过程的影响。利用FT-IR、比表面积及孔径分布对萃余煤进行表征。结果表明,萃取过程对煤样官能团影响不明显,但对孔结构影响较大。说明萃取过程只是破坏了小分子相与煤大分子网络结构之间的各种弱相互作用力,并没有破坏煤的大分子结构。超声波辅助萃取和微波辅助萃取不仅增加了微孔的数量而且改变了微孔的孔径分布,主要增加了0.92 nm左右的微孔数量,说明在微波和超声波作用下,微孔中的小分子物质易溶出。煤样经3种方式萃取后,比表面积均增加,增幅为:超声波辅助萃取>微波辅助萃取>索氏萃取。In this study,Soxhlet extraction,ultrasonic-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction were applied to extract Shengli brown coal. Acetone, methanol and tetrahydrofuran（ THF） were chosen as the solvents. By comparing the changes in the pore structure of coal residues under different extractions,the effects on the dissolution process of small molecules were explored. Furthermore,some physico-chemical properties including functional groups,specific surface area and pore size distribution of all samples were determined. The experimental results showed that extraction process had no significant effect on functional group of brown coal,but had great impact on the pore structure.This illustrated that extraction process destroyed all kinds of weak force between the coal macromolecular network structure and small molecules,had no influence on the macromolecular structure of the coal. In comparison with Soxhlet extraction,ultrasonic-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction not only liable to increase the pore number but also likely to change the pore size distribution especially to that around 0. 92 nm. It indicated that the small molecules in pores were prone to extracted under the effects of microwave and ultrasonic. The specific surface area of the coal were increased after different extractions,and the amplification was： ultrasonic-assisted extraction 〉microwaveassisted extraction 〉Soxhlet extraction.

关 键 词：褐煤 萃余煤 超声波辅助萃取 微波辅助萃取 

分 类 号：TQ536.1[化学工程—煤化学工程]