2011～2014年湖南省郴州市禽流感外环境监测结果分析  

Surveillance for avian influenza A virus in outer environments in Chenzhou,Hunan,2011～2014

作　　者：陈柏塘[1] 刘爱平[1] 谢群[1] 朱韩武[1] 李成华[1] 谭徽[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省郴州市疾病预防控制中心,423000

出　　处：《首都食品与医药》2016年第10期10-12,共3页Capital Food Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解郴州市外环境中H5、H7、H9亚型禽流感病毒的动态分布情况,为郴州市人禽流感防控提供参考依据。方法收集2011-2014年郴州市禽流感监测采集的禽流感外环境标本,采用荧光RTPCR法检测流感病毒A型核酸,阳性者进一步作H5、H7、H9亚型的核酸分型检测。监测数据采用Excel软件进行统计分析。结果 2011-2014年共采集了941份禽流感外环境标本,流感病毒A型总阳性检出率为28.91%,H5、H9型高致病性禽流感病毒阳性检出率较高,分别为9.99%和9.56%,2013年和2014年均检测出H7亚型。时间分布上,禽流感主要集中在冬春季;不同的采样场所,城乡活禽市场的阳性检出率最高（35.08%）;不同采样部位,宰杀或摆放禽肉案板表面拭子（48.72%）和清洗禽类污水（39.23%）的阳性检出率较高。结论郴州市城乡活禽市场和家禽规模养殖场等外环境中常年有H5、H7、H9等多种亚型禽流感病毒存在,且冬春季节禽流感病毒流行较为活跃,有感染人的风险,应积极采取综合性防控措施。Objective To understand the distribution of avian influenza A（H5,H7 and H9） viruses in outer environments in Chenzhou, Hunan province, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza virus in chenzhou. Methods From 2011 to 2014, the 941 out environment samples（poultry washing water, drinking water, feces, cover of cage, etc.） were collected from the surveillance sites to detect nucleic acid of AIV with real time PCR, and the positive samples were further detected for H5, H7 and H9 nucleic acid. Excel software was used to analyze the results statistically. ResultsA total of 941 environmental samples were collected and tested during 2011 to 2014, and the overall positive rate of avian influenza A virus was 28.91%, The positive rate of H5 and H9 in highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses was 9.99% and 9.56%, respectively, H7 subtype was detected in 2013 and 2014. The positive rate of influenza virus was higher in one and the fourth quarter, the two or three quarter was lower, And in the urban and rural living bird market（35.08%）, poultry washing water（39.23%） and slaughtered or placed higher meat chopping board surface swabs（48.72%）. Conclusion Avian influenza A virus subtype H5, H7 and H9 circulate in the environments, especially in urban and rural living bird market and poultry farms, and in the winter and spring bird flu epidemic is more active, and the risk of human infecion exists in Chenzhou. It is necessary to take active measures to prevent and control human infection with avian influenza virus.

关 键 词：城乡活禽市场 外环境 禽流感病毒 动态分布 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]