扎龙保护区丹顶鹤孵化期食性与营养偏好  

Nutritional Preference and Diet Composition of the Red-Crowned Crane During the Incubation Period in Zhalong Nature Reserve,China

作　　者：邹红菲[1] 杨宇博[1] 吴庆明[1] 伍一宁[1] 高晓冬[1] 郝萌[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2016年第2期96-101,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费(2572014CA05);国家自然科学基金(31470016;31401978);黑龙江省博士后科研启动金(LBH-Q14009)

摘　　要：为了了解丹顶鹤孵化期的食物及营养信息,2011年3~5月使用粪便显微分析法对扎龙保护区丹顶鹤孵化期的食性与营养偏好进行了研究。结果显示出：（1）扎龙保护区丹顶鹤孵化期的食物组成为20科43种植物,禾本科、莎草科、豆科、蓼科占绝对优势（67.88%）,其中玉蜀黍、芦苇、乌拉草、糙叶薹草、大叶章是大宗食物（41.75%）;（2）不同植物性食物的营养组成存在显著差异,但均存在粗纤维含量相对最高、粗脂肪含量相对最低的现象（玉蜀黍除外）;（3）丹顶鹤营养选择显著不同,其选择性与粗蛋白含量呈极显著正相关,与粗脂肪含量呈显著正相关。进一步分析表明,植物的营养成分是影响该时期丹顶鹤取食的关键因素,丹顶鹤偏好取食粗蛋白含量高、粗脂肪含量高的植物,不排斥粗纤维含量。We carried out research on nutritional preference and diet composition of red-crowned crane（Grus japonensis） during its incubation period by using microscopic analysis of feces at Zhalong National Nature Reserve from March to May 2011.The crane diet included 43 plants species of20 families.Poaceae,Cyperaceae,Fabaceae and Polygonaceae accounted for most of these foods（68%）.Among them,Zea mays,Phragmites australis,Carex meyeriana,Carex scabrifolia,Deyeuxia purpurea were the main food plants（42%）.Nutrient content differed significantly by food plant species.Food plants except Zea mays were characterized by high content of crude fiber and low content of crude fat.Food plant selection by red- crowned crane was very significantly positively correlated with crude protein,and positive correlated with crude fat.Plant nutrient content was a key factor affecting feeding of cranes during the incubation period.Cranes tended to select plants with high content of crude protein and crude fat,and did not reject crude fiber.

关 键 词：食性分析 营养偏好 丹顶鹤 孵化期 扎龙保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.12[生物学—动物学]