广东省2005～2014年疑似预防接种异常反应监测数据分析  

Analysis of Surveillance Data of Adverse Events Following Immunization in Guangdong,2005-2014

作　　者：刘宇[1] 赵占杰[1] 谢莘[1] 刘隽[1] 蓝韵华 陈剑云[2] 郑慧贞[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广东广州511430 [2]湛江市疾病预防控制中心,广东湛江524000

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2016年第2期202-209,201,共9页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：广东省医学科学研究基金应用数据挖掘技术建立疫苗安全监测自动预警系统初步研究(编号B2014019)

摘　　要：目的分析广东省2005~2014年疑似预防接种异常反应（Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI）的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况和预防接种安全性。方法通过广东省免疫信息管理系统和中国AEFI信息管理系统,收集2005~2014年广东省报告的AEFI个案信息和疫苗接种信息,采用描述性流行病学方法分析。结果广东省2005~2014年共报告36 776例AEFI个案,年增长率为39.53%,广东省126个县区均有AEFI报告,94.36%的个案在48h内报告,98.51%的个案在48h内完成调查。AEFI报告数珠三角地区和非珠三角地区之比为2.10∶1;男女性别比为1.51∶1;≤1岁占50.36%,AEFI发生在接种后≤1d内占85.49%。2005~2014年各年AEFI报告发生率为15.77/100万~183.10/100万;异常反应发生率为5.54/100万~41.83/100万。一般反应以发热和局部红肿为主,异常反应以过敏性皮疹、无菌性脓肿为主,严重异常反应发生少见。结论广东省AEFI监测系统敏感性逐步提高,达到了全国监测方案标准。AEFI发生主要集中在小年龄组,多数AEFI发生在接种后1d内,异常反应发生率在预期范围内。Objective To analyze adverse events following immunization（AEFI） in Guangdong in 2005-2014 and to evaluate the implementation of AEFI surveillance system for the safety of immunization.Methods AEFI data were obtained from the Guangdong immunization information management system and the national AEFI information management system and were analyzed using descriptive methods.Results From 2005 to 2014,a total of 36 776 AEFI cases were reported in Guangdong,with an annual increase of 39.53%.All 126 counties（100%） reported AEFIs;94.36% of cases were reported within 48 h,and 98.51% were investigated within 48 h.The ratios of cases for the Pearl Delta Region（PDR）and Non-PDR were 2.10：1,and 1.51：1 for males and females.Cases ≤ 1 year old accounted for 50.36%;85.49% of cases occurred ≤ 1d after vaccination.The AEFI incidence rates in 2005-2014 ranged from 15.77 to 183.10 per million doses;the incidence rates for rare vaccine reactions ranged from 5.54 to 41.83 per million doses.The most common vaccine reactions were fever,local swelling and induration;the most common rare vaccine reactions were anaphylactic rash and sterile abscess.The incidence of serous rare vaccine reactions was very low.Conclusions The sensitivity of Guangdong AEFI surveillance increased yearly and met the requirements of the national surveillance guideline.Most AEFIs occurred among young children and within 1 day after vaccination.The incidence rates of rare vaccine reactions were not higher than the expected.

关 键 词：疑似预防接种异常反应 安全性 监测 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]