黄河三角洲进积与滨海湿地地质环境演替模式  

Deltaic Progradation and Geo-envrionmental Succesion of Coastal Wetlands in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：顾效源 鲁青原 叶思源[2,3,4] 赵广明[2,3,4] 丁喜桂[2,3,4] 袁红明[2,3,4] 杨士雄[2,3,4] 何磊[2,3,4] 王锦[2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580 [2]中国地质调查局滨海湿地生物地质重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]国土资源部海洋油气资源与环境地质重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [4]青岛海洋地质研究所,山东青岛266071 [5]中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京100083

出　　处：《地质论评》2016年第3期682-692,共11页Geological Review

基　　金：大地调项目(编号:1212010611402);国土资源部公益性行业基金(编号:201111023);海洋地质保障工程项目(编号:GZH201200503);国家自然科学基金青年基金(编号:41406082);山东省自然科学基金青年基金(编号:ZR2014DQ010)资助项目的成果~~

摘　　要：本文通过对黄河三角洲5个钻孔岩芯的沉积学观测、微古分析、14C测年,同时结合历史记录及遥感资料,分析了本区末次冰后期以来的沉积序列,重建了近10ka以来古环境演变过程,分析了古环境演化对滨海湿地演替的控制作用。本文着重讨论了黄河三角洲进积与湿地形成演替规律,总结了从水生系统、浅海湿地系统、潮滩湿地直至上三角洲平原湿地向陆地生态系统的演替模式。同时通过对现代黄河三角洲与老黄河三角洲演化模式进行对比,提出气候变化、人类活动会加速和改变湿地地质环境演替进程和方向的一般规律。笔者等还进一步提出,由于人类活动的影响,1855年之后湿地演替速率明显加快,约达8~33倍。古环境的重建与滨海湿地响应机制研究可更清楚地理解湿地如何对未来环境变化进行响应,包括海平面上升,从而为滨海湿地保护与管理实践活动提供科学导向。Objectives： The paleo- environmental reconstruction and study on responding mechanisms of the coastal wetlands can help further understand how the wetlands respond to the future environmental changes such as sea level rises,and thus we can have science- oriented approaches to coastal wetlands protections and management practice activities.Methods： The authors study sedimentary sequences formed since the last postglacial in the Yellow River Delta area,reconstruct paleo-environmental evolutions since nearly 10000 years ago, and analyze controls of the evolutions upon the coastal wetlands successions,on the basis of sedimentary observations,microfossils and dating data from five cores drilled in the Delta area in 2007,together with historic records and remote sensing data.Results： The emphases are put on the discussions upon the deltaic progradation and wetlands successions,and also on the summarization of changes in ecology from aquatic systems to shallow sea wetland,tidal flat wetland and upper delta plain wetland systems and to terrestrial ecosystems.Conclusions： The method of comparisons between the modern and old Yellow River Deltas＇ situations is used to verify that climatic changes and human activities have accelerated and altered processes and directions of geoenvironmental successions in the wetlands. The authors further put forward that the wetland successional rates became much faster after the year 1855 due to human activities,increasing by 8 ~ 33 fold compared with before.

关 键 词：湿地演替 三角洲进积 滨海湿地 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：P512.2[天文地球—地质学]