基于GIS的西河流域土壤氮素空间变异特征及影响因素研究  

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influence Factors Analysis of Soil Nitrogen in West River Valley Based on GIS

作　　者：周稀[1,2] 邓欧平[1,2] 潘洪旭[1] 张剑秋[1] 邓良基[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源环境学院,四川成都611130 [2]四川省土壤环境保护重点实验室,四川成都611130

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2016年第4期896-902,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划"农田有机质提升关键技术应用与推广"(2013NZ002)

摘　　要：根据2014年采集的121个耕层(0~20 cm)土壤氮素含量数据,在Arc GIS 10.0平台上运用地统计学、缓冲区分析和叠置分析等方法,研究崇州西河流域土壤氮素的空间分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明,该区土壤全氮和碱解氮含量分别达(1.18±0.40)g kg^(-1)和(86.52±28.71)mg kg^(-1),存在中等程度的空间变异。其中,全氮总体呈环状分布,而碱解氮则呈斑块状或条带状分布,二者均在中部怀远镇附近出现高值区(>1.80 g kg^(-1),>120 mg kg^(-1)),而在北部街子-三郎山区一带和南部丘顶出现低值区(<0.95 g kg^(-1),<60 mg kg^(-1))。影响因素分析表明,土壤氮素在平原区含量显著高于山区和丘陵区。由紫灰沉积物和再积黄泥发育而来的土壤氮素含量显著高于沙页岩残坡积物和紫色沉积物。从不同农地利用方式来看,水稻-小麦轮作下土壤氮素平均含量最高。在道路和河流的2.5 km缓冲范围内,土壤氮素存在不同的变化趋势,自然地质过程对其主控作用总体大于人为活动因素。Soil nitrogen was a vital nutrient to enhance plant growth. According to the data of soil nitrogen content collected from 121 random grid and hierarchical sampling points in top soil in 2014,spatial distribution characteristics and their influential factors of soil nitrogen in West River Valley were analyzed using the software Arc GIS 10. 0 with geostatistics and spatial analysis. Results showed that the content of soil total nitrogen（TN） and available nitrogen（AN） were（1. 18 ± 0. 40） g·kg^-1and（86. 52 ± 28. 71） mg·kg^-1,respectively,with moderate spatial variability. Interpolation by kriging indicated that TN was annular distributed,while AN was patchy or banded. They all reached the lowest regions（ 0. 95 g·kg^-1, 60 mg·kg^-1） round the central Huaiyuan village,while the highest（ 1. 80 g·kg^-1, 120 mg·kg^-1） in northern Jiezi-Sanlang mountainous and southern top hills on the whole. Analysis of influential factors showed that soil nitrogen in the plain was significantly higher than that of the mountains and hilly areas. Soil nitrogen content of purple-gray sediment and second-amassment yellow soil was significantly higher than that of sandshale slope sediment and purple sediment as well. Furthermore,the highest levels of soil nitrogen content existed in the rice-wheat rotation. Within the 2. 5 km buffer range,it implied that both natural geological and human activity factors determined the heterogeneity of soil nitrogen,with natural geological factors playing greater roles.

关 键 词：全氮 碱解氮 地统计学 空间分布 影响因素 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]