基于网络舆论生态的微博舆论生态位研究  

A Study on Microblog Public Opinion Ecological Niche Based on the Ecology of Network Public Opinions

作　　者：姜景[1] 沈乾[2,3] 马宁[2,3] 刘怡君[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学管理学院,合肥230601 [2]中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所,北京100190 [3]中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所社会治理与风险研究中心,北京100190

出　　处：《情报杂志》2016年第5期52-57,172,共7页Journal of Intelligence

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委重大研究计划"非常规突发事件应急管理研究"培育项目"非常规突发事件中社会舆论形成;演化;引导;干预的系统建模与仿真分析"(编号:91024010;91324009);国家自然科学基金项目"公共政策发布的网络舆情预警建模与应对策略研究"(编号:71573247)研究成果之一

摘　　要：[目的/意义]随着互联网的普及和移动互联技术的发展,以微博舆论生态为代表的网络舆论生态已成为当前网络舆论生态的主流。因此,微博舆论的生态位研究对于网络舆论的生态治理具有积极意义。[方法/过程]借鉴生态学中的生态位理论,构建了基于网络舆论生态治理的三维微博舆论生态位模型和综合测度指标体系,首次通过定量方法从宏观、中观与微观三个层面对微博舆论的生态位宽度、重叠度和竞争优势对微博舆论生态位进行了实证测度。[结果/结论]研究结果表明,微博舆论在各种舆论生态中的生态位宽度最大、不同微博舆论的生态位重叠度高、官方微博舆论生态位优势明显,该研究结论能够为网络舆论监管部门分别从宏观、中观和微观三个层面进行网络舆论生态治理提供决策参考。[Purpose / Significance]With the increasing popularity of Internet and the development of mobile Internet technology,network public- opinion ecology represented by microblog public- opinion ecology has become the mainstream of present network public- opinion ecology. Therefore,for the ecological governance of network public opinions,it is of positive significance to study the ecological niche of microblog public opinions.[Method / Process] Modeling the niche theory in ecology,this paper constructs a three- dimensional microblog public- opinion niche model and a comprehensive measure index system,based on the ecological governance of network public opinions. For the first time,the quantitative methods are employed to measure the microblog public- opinion niche for its niche width,overlapping degree and competitive advantage from macro-,meso- and micro- aspects.[Results / Conclusion] The results show that,the niche of microblog public opinion is the bigg est in a variety of ecological niche width; the different microblog public- opinion niche overlapping degree is high; and the official microblog public- opinion niche competitive advantage is obvious. It is hoped that the paper may provide some decision- making references for the network public- opinion supervision department from macro-,meso- and macro- levels.

关 键 词：网络舆论生态 微博舆论生态位 生态位宽度 生态位重叠度 竞争优势 

分 类 号：G209[文化科学—传播学]