淮北地区秸秆全量还田机插水稻高产栽培技术研究  

Research on High Yield Cultivation Techniques of Mechanical Transplanting Rice with Total Straw Returning in Huaibei Area

作　　者：汪洪洋[1] 朱聪聪[2] 邓建平[2] 王维屯[1] 杨凯鹏[1] 孙瑞[1] 许方甫 

机构地区：[1]江苏省东海县农业技术推广中心,江苏东海222300 [2]江苏省作物栽培技术指导站,南京210036

出　　处：《中国稻米》2016年第3期64-68,共5页China Rice

基　　金：江淮下游(江苏)粳稻持续丰产高效技术集成创新与示范(2011BAD16B03;BE2012301);江苏稻麦大面积均衡增产技术集成研究与示范(2012BAD04B08)

摘　　要：为探讨淮北地区秸秆全量还田条件下机插稻高产栽培关键技术,于2011-2014年进行专题试验,研究比较了不同栽培措施对机插稻产量及产量构成的影响。结果表明,连粳7号、宁粳4号、连粳11号综合性状好,易于实现机插高产稳产;机插稻产量随播期的推迟而下降,采用柴米河基质和远大基质育壮秧可显著增产;机插株距11.7 cm×13.0 cm实产最高,产量与施氮量成抛物线关系,以纯氮用量22.5 kg/667 m2的处理产量最高;秸秆全量还田条件下干湿交替的节水灌溉模式显著增产8.70%;施用硅肥、矮壮丰、碧护均有显著增产效果。因此,淮北地区秸秆全量还田条件下应选用机插高产品种,适期早播密植,适当增施氮肥,实施节水灌溉,配套基质、硅肥及生化试剂的合理使用,可促进机插稻大面积平衡高产。In order to study the key technology for high-yielding cultivation of mechanical transplanting rice under the condition of total straw returning, some special experiments were conducted from 2011 to 2014, so that we can have a comparative study on the effects of different cultivation measures on yield and its structure of mechanical transplanting rice. The results showed that, Lianjing 7,Ningjing 4 and Lianjing 11 were better than others according to the performance of comprehensive trait, and they were easy to achieve high and stable yield. The yield of mechanical transplanting rice was decreased with the delay of sowing date, but when we used Chaimihe and Yuanda material for rice seedling, the yield would increased by 4.32% and 3.55% respectively, and the real output was the highest as 22.5 kg/667 m^2 N. The yield reached its maximum as mechanical-transplanting plant spacing was 11.7 cm and 13.0cm, the yield and nitrogen rate was parabola relationship. The yield was increased by 8.7% under the condition of total straw returning, water-saving irrigation mode of alternate drying-wetting. Applying silicon fertilizer, Aizhuangfeng and Bihu, the real outputs would exceed 10.5 t/hm^2. Therefore, under the condition of total straw returning in Huaibei area, high-yielding variety should be selected by mechanical transplanting method, early sowing date at suitable time and close planting. In addition, with increasing nitrogen fertilizer reasonably and implementing water-saving irrigation, and matching seedling raising materials and using of silicon fertilizer and Aizhuangfeng, all these would contribute to realize a large area of high yield by mechanical transplanting method.

关 键 词：淮北 秸秆还田 机插稻 高产 

分 类 号：S511.048[农业科学—作物学]