施用河道污泥对水稻氮素吸收利用的影响  

Effects of Dredged Sludge Field Application on Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization in Rice (Oryza.sativa L.)

作　　者：刘红江[1] 郭智[1] 陈留根[1] 郑建初[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第15期117-124,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"长江三角洲集约农区循环技术集成与示范"(2012BAD14B12);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目"农业面源污染综合治理技术方案"[编号:CX(15)1004]

摘　　要：为了探索污染河道污泥农业资源化利用的有效途径,本研究以河道污泥为研究对象,设计施N量为120、240 kg/hm22个水平,研究河道污泥农田施用对不同生育时期水稻氮素含量、氮素吸收、氮素分配和氮素利用效率的影响。结果表明:(1)施用河道污泥使不同生育时期水稻植株含氮率显著提高,使各生育时期氮素累积量显著提高;(2)使水稻抽穗后氮素在茎鞘中的分配比例显著提高,使水稻抽穗后氮素在叶片和穗中的分配比例明显下降;(3)使不同生育时期水稻氮素干物质生产效率以及氮素籽粒效率均显著或极显著降低,但对水稻氮素收获指数影响不显著;(4)河道污泥×N的互作效应对稻株氮素吸收利用无显著影响。施用河道污泥使水稻植株含氮率、氮素累积量显著增加,而水稻氮素干物质生产效率和氮素籽粒效率则显著降低。The paper aims to explore an effective way for agricultural resource utilization of polluted riverdredged sludge.A field experiment was conducted taking the dredged sludge from polluted rivers as theresearch object,and two levels of nitrogen application（120 kg/hm2 and 240 kg/hm2） were arranged to study theeffects of dredged sludge application on rice nitrogen（N） concentration,uptake,allocation and use efficiency atdifferent growth stages.The results showed that：（1） dredged sludge increased N concentration and Naccumulation in rice plant over the season significantly;（2） dredged sludge significantly improved nitrogenallocation proportions in stems,but obviously decreased that in leaves and spikes of rice after the headingstage;（3） dredged sludge significantly decreased nitrogen-use efficiency for biomass（NUEp） over the seasonand grain yield（NUEg） at grain maturity,but there had no significant effect on the nitrogen harvest index（NHI）;（4） the effect of interactions between dredged sludge×N was not observed for N uptake and utilization atmost growth stages of rice.Finally,dredged sludge increased N concentration and N accumulation,butdecreased NUEp and NUEg at most growth stages of rice.

关 键 词：河道污泥 水稻 氮素吸收 氮素分配 氮素效率 

分 类 号：S141.6[农业科学—肥料学]