藻类打捞对太湖聚藻区湖泛发生的影响  

Effects of Algae Salvage on Black Blooms in Algae Accumulation Area in Taihu Lake

作　　者：邵世光[1,2] 薛联青[1] 刘成[2] 余居华[2] 申秋实[2] 周麒麟[2] 范成新[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学,水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2016年第5期761-766,共6页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：江苏省太湖水污染治理专项(TH2013214);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所一三五项目(NIGLAS2012135008)

摘　　要：藻类打捞是多年来控制太湖沿岸藻源性湖泛的主要措施,为科学地指导藻类的打捞、防止湖泛的发生,采用能够模拟太湖风浪与沉积物再悬浮的大型装置,模拟湖泛易发的藻类聚集量下不同打捞频率(1次/d^1次/6 d)对湖泛发生时水体主要视觉指标和敏感指标〔ρ(DO)、Eh、ρ(Fe2+)、ρ(TFe)、ρ(∑S2-)等〕的影响.结果表明:1次/d和1次/2 d的高打捞频率能够有效预防湖泛的发生,当第4天对照组发生湖泛时,1次/d和1次/2 d打捞频率下ρ(DO)为0.60和0.06,Eh为48和37,ρ(Fe2+)是对照组的79.3%和90.7%,ρ(TFe)是对照组的64.8%和72.3%,ρ(∑S2-)是对照组的62.03%和64.56%;1次/3 d频率虽不能控制湖泛的发生,但能有效推迟湖泛发生时间约2~3 d;而1次/4 d^1次/6 d的低打捞频率既不能预防也不能推迟湖泛的发生.研究显示,在2.5 kg/(m2·d)鲜藻聚集速率下,1次/2 d的打捞频率是在控制湖泛发生前提下的最经济打捞频率.Algae salvage has been used as the main measure to control the algae-induced black blooms along the bank of Taihu Lake over the past few years. A series of large devices were used to study the most effective and economical salvage frequency to control black blooms in the algal accumulation prone area. Different salvage frequencies（ once/d to once/6 d） were simulated under the most common algal amounts during black blooms. The influence of salvage on visual variations and typical characteristics（ e. g.,DO,Eh,Fe,S2-） of the overlying water was studied. The results showed that the occurrence of black blooms could be prevented under the salvage frequencies of once/day or once/2 d. Under these two salvage frequencies,ρ（ DO） were 0. 60 and 0. 06,Ehwere 48 and 37,ρ（ Fe-（2 ＋）） were 79. 3%and 90. 7%,ρ（ TFe） were 64. 8% and 72. 3%,ρ（ ∑S2-） were 62. 03% and 64. 56% that of the control treatment respectively,when black blooms occurred in the control treatment on the fourth day. Although the salvage frequency of once/3 d did not prevent the occurrence of black blooms,it still postponed the occurrence for about 2-3 d. Low salvage frequencies of once/4 d-once/6 d neither prevented nor postponed the occurrence of black blooms. The differences of typical characteristics during black blooms and the salvage effects between once/d and once/2 d of salvage were compared. The results showed that once/2 d is the most economical salvage frequency to prevent the occurrence of black blooms under 2. 5 kg/（ m-2·d） fresh matter accumulation rate.

关 键 词：湖泛控制 藻体打捞 打捞频率 太湖 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]