INT-ETS活性及AUR和SOUR表征污泥活性的比较  

Comparison of INT-ETS,AUR and SOUR for Characterization of Sludge Activity

作　　者：荣宏伟[1] 张耀坤[1] 张朝升[1] 王连杰 伍志趼 黄小鹏 

机构地区：[1]广州大学土木工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]青岛市旅游规划建筑设计研究院,山东青岛266000 [3]广州市净水有限公司,广东广州510627

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2016年第5期767-773,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51278133);广东省科技计划项目(2014A020216049);广州市教育系统创新团队项目(13C01)

摘　　要：为探索快速评价重金属对污泥活性抑制情况的方法,通过投加不同体积的重金属溶液进行活性污泥培养试验,研究Cd^(2+)、Zn^(2+)和Cr6+对活性污泥降解NH4+-N和CODCr的影响,并分别采用INT-ETS(碘硝基四氮唑脱氢酶)活性、AUR(氨摄取速率)和SOUR(比耗氧速率)3个指标分析污泥活性受重金属抑制的情况.结果表明:重金属对活性污泥去除NH4+-N的抑制作用比去除有机物的抑制作用更加显著,说明硝化细菌比异养菌对重金属的毒害作用更为敏感,并且NH4+-N去除率比CODCr去除率更能反映出重金属对污泥活性的影响.通过NH4+-N去除率的抑制情况对比发现,AUR是最能有效地用于表征重金属对微生物活性毒害作用的指标.对于Cd^(2+),INT-ETS活性的EC50最小,为19.164 mg/L,灵敏度最高,是表征Cd^(2+)抑制污泥活性的最佳指标;对于Zn^(2+)和Cr6+,AUR的EC50最小,分别为40.691和27.117 mg/L,灵敏度最高,是表征Zn^(2+)和Cr^(6+)抑制污泥活性的最佳指标.由3种重金属的EC50可以判断其毒性大小为Cd^(2+)>Cr^(6+)>Zn^(6+).In order to explore a method for rapidly estimating the inhibitory effect of heavy metals on the activity of sludge,the influence of Cd-（2＋）,Zn-（2＋）and Cr-（6＋）on NH4＋-N and CODCrremoval was investigated via batch tests of injecting different volumes of heavy metal solution. Three indexes including INT-electron transport system activity（ INT-ETS）,Ammonia Uptake Rate（ AUR） and Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate（ SOUR） were used to characterize the inhibitory situation of heavy metals on the activity of sludge. The experimental results showed that the inhibitory effect of heavy metals on removing NH4＋-N was more significant than decomposing organics,and nitrifying bacteria were more sensitive than heterotrophic bacteria to the toxicity of heavy metals. This reflects the toxic influence on the activity of sludge. Besides,compared with the inhibition rate of NH4＋-N removal,AUR was the most effective index that was used to characterize the toxicity of heavy metals. For Cd-（2＋）,INT-ETS activity was the most sensitive and optimal parameter,since its EC50 value was the minimum： 19. 164 mg/L. For Zn-（2＋）and Cr-（6＋）,AUR activity was the most sensitive optimal parameter,because its EC50 values were the minimum： 40. 691 and 27. 117 mg/L,respectively. And according to EC50 values,heavy metals were ranked in the sequence of decreasing toxicity： Cd-（2＋） Cr-（6＋） Zn-（6＋）.

关 键 词：重金属 活性污泥 碘硝基四氮唑脱氢酶活性 氨摄取速率 比耗氧速率 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]