2014年夏黄海浮游植物群集及其对物理过程的响应  

Assemblages of Phytoplankton in the Yellow Sea in Response to the Physical Processes During the Summer of 2014

作　　者：吕末晓 栾青杉[2,3] 彭亮[1,2,3] 崔毅[2,3] 王俊[2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [3]农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [4]海洋国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2016年第1期70-84,共15页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目--近海环境变化对渔业种群补充过程的影响及其资源效应(2015CB453303);国家自然科学基金委员会-山东省人民政府联合资助海洋科学研究中心项目--海洋生态与环境科学(U1406403)

摘　　要：2014年夏季在黄海及其毗邻东海海域(120°30′~127°00′E,30°~39°N)进行水文环境生物综合调查,采用Utermhl方法分析水采浮游植物样品的群集结构,并利用多元分析方法探讨物种分布与环境之间的内在关系。共鉴定浮游植物65属94种,硅藻65种,甲藻25种,硅鞭藻和针胞藻各2种。优势种为海链藻(Thalassiosirasp.)、米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)、具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)、裸甲藻(Gymnodiniumsp.)等,黄海海域原甲藻(Prorocentrumspp.)、裸甲藻、伪菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia spp.)等小粒径物种在浮游植物群落中逐渐形成优势。总细胞丰度变化为1.8×10~3~230×10~3个·L^(-1),平均24.2×10~3个·L^(-1),高值出现在杭州湾东部、黄海北部冷水团水域的次表层水体中,群落为海线藻(Thalassionemaspp.)、海链藻等物种所控制。夏季冷水团盛行期间,其内部强环流扰动使得水体营养盐丰富,浮游植物密集分布于次表层至底层中。长江冲淡水羽状环流/锋等水动力过程,加之径流输运所带来的丰富的磷酸盐,使得冲淡水域出现浮游植物高值分布。苏北外海气旋式环流(冷涡)、台湾暖流、浙江近岸上升流等水系对调查区浮游植物分布亦产生重要的影响。因此,物理过程所形成的复杂的水动力条件,及其带来的水化学环境的改变,共同决定了浮游植物在黄海及其毗邻东海海域的分布。Based on the data collected in an interdisciplinary cruise in the Yellow Sea and adjoining waters of the East China Sea （120°30＇-127°00＇E,30°-39°N） during the summer of 2014. Phytoplankton assem- blage structures were analyzed from water samples by using Uterm0hl method. Multivariate analyzing method was then applied to clarify the interrelationship between species distribution and environments. A total of 94 species in 65 genera were identified, with 65 species of Diatoms, 25 species of Dinoflagellates, 2 species of Silicoflagellates and 2 species of Raphidophyceae. Dominant species were Thalassiosira sp. , Karenia mikimotoi, Paralia sulcata and Gymnodinium sp. in the assemblages. The smaller size species, such as Prorocentrum spp. , Gyrnnodinium spp. and Pseudo-nitzschia spp. etc. , gradually became pre dominant in the phytoplankton assemblages in the Yellow Sea region. Cell abundance ranged from 1.8 × 10a 230 5〈 10a cells · L -1 , averaging 24. 2 × 10a cells·L- 1 , with the higher abundances existing in the subsurface seawaters of eastern Hangzhou Bay and northern Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass area, where the phytoplankton assemblages were controlled by species of Thalassionema spp. and Thalassiosira spp. Dur- ing the summer season, the inner circulation and perturbation of the cold water masses were strong enough to provide affluent nutrients, favoring the thriving of phytoplankton in the subsurface to the bottom wa- ters. In the Yangtze Diluted Water region, the plume circulation, plume fronts, as well as the river inputs of phosphate, were in charge of the dense distribution of phytoplankton. Besides, the cyclonic circulation （cold eddies） in the Subei coast, Taiwan Warm Current, and upwells in the Zhejiang coast were all respon sible for the dynamics of phytoplankton distribution in the surveyed region. In short, the hydrodynamic conditions created by physical processes, in combination with the alteration of hydrochemical environ- ments, together shaping the phytoplankton distribution pa

关 键 词：黄海 浮游植物 群集 物理过程 多元分析 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]