消油剂处理180^#燃料油对黄海胆（Glyptocidaris Crenularis）抗氧化酶系统影响的初步探究  

Compound Toxicity of No.180 Fuel Oil Disposed by Oil Spill Dispersant on Glyptocidaris Crenularis

作　　者：殷悦[1] 熊德琪[1] 张欣欣[1] 何山[1] 段美娜[1] 吕昕璐 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2016年第2期292-303,共12页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目--消油剂处理溢油对模式生物海胆的联合毒性效应及机制研究(41276105/D0608);交通运输部应用基础研究项目--消油剂处理溢油对生物的复合毒害效应及机理研究(2013329225250)

摘　　要：本文研究了180#燃料油分散液(Water-Accomodated Fractions,WAFs)和乳化液(Chemical Enhanced Water-Accomodated Fractions,CEWAFs)对黄海胆(Glyptocidaris Crenularis)肠和性腺组织抗氧化酶系统的毒性影响。将黄海胆暴露在不同质量浓度的WAFs和CEWAFs中,96h后提取其肠和性腺,测定暴露期抗氧化系统各酶的活性;再用海水培养,7d后进行恢复期抗氧化酶活性测定。研究结果显示,WAFs和CEWAFs对抗氧化酶活性均呈现先诱导后抑制效应,暴露期海胆肠组织的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶(GST)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)在WAFs中的最大诱导率分别为40.21%,46.03%,26.01%,23.89%;在CEWAFs中的最大诱导率分别为38.60%,48.83%,29.34%,27.86%。实验组性腺组织抗氧化酶活性最大诱导率均高于肠组织,且恢复期与暴露期规律基本一致。由此可知,黄海胆性腺组织较肠组织对石油烃更为敏感。通过对比可以得出海胆CAT、SOD对石油烃污染的敏感度更高,更适合作为监测海洋石油烃污染的生物标志物。对照组间差异不明显,说明消油剂本身对生物无明显急性毒性效应。In this study,the compound toxic effects of 180#fuel oil water-accommodated fractions（WAFs）and chemically enhanced water-accommodated fractions（CEWAFs）on the antioxidant enzyme system in gonadal and intestinal tissues of Glyptocidaris Crenularis were investigated.During the exposure period,the sea urchins were exposed in different concentration gradient of WAFs and CEWAFs for 96 h,then a portion of its intestine and gonad was extracted for antioxidase activities determination.Subsequently,the exposure solution was replaced by filtered seawater to culture the rest of sea urchins for 7d,then the same antioxidase activities of sea urchins were examined during the recovery period..The results indicated that the CEWAFs and WAFs demonstrated an inductive effect first and then an inhibitory effect to the antioxidase activity.In the exposure period,the maximum inductive rates of CAT、SOD、GST and GSH in WAFs were 40.21%,46.03%,26.01% and 23.89%,in CEWAFs they were 38.60%,48.83%,29.34% and27.86%respectively.In disposal group,the maximum inductive rates of antioxidase activity in gonad were higher than those in intestine,and same phenomenon was observed during the recovery period as well.The results suggested that the gonad of Glyptocidaris Crenularis is more sensitive to the petroleum hydrocarbon than intestine.By comparison,the activity of CAT and SOD was more sensitive to petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant,suggesting CAT and SOD were better suited as a biomarker for marine oil spill pollution monitoring.There were no significant diversity between the two kinds of control suggesting that the chemical dispersant has inconspicuous toxicity itself.

关 键 词：消油剂 180#燃料油 黄海胆 抗氧化酶系 酶活性 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]