寒地超级稻龙粳31祖先亲本追溯及遗传基础解析  

Ancestors Tracking and Analysis on Genetic Basis of Super Rice Longjing31 in Cold Region

作　　者：李洪亮[1] 柴永山[1] 孙玉友[1] 高春艳[2] 魏才强[1] 解忠[1] 张巍巍[1] 刘丹[1] 程杜娟[1] 侯国强[1] 徐德海[1] 赵云彤[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院,黑龙江牡丹江157041 [2]穆棱市农业技术推广中心,黑龙江穆棱157500

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2016年第3期433-437,446,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：黑龙江省重大科技招标项目(GA14B102);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-41)

摘　　要：龙粳31是黑龙江省农业科学院水稻研究所选育的寒地早粳超级稻新品种,具有早熟、高产、优质、抗病、抗倒、耐寒等诸多优点。本研究对其亲本进行追溯,构建系谱图,分析亲本主要特性及核遗传贡献率,揭示其遗传演化历程,为水稻育种亲本的选择和利用提供参考。结果表明:龙粳31属于下北细胞质家族,传递途径为:下北→早丰→合江20→合江21→龙交89032→龙粳10号→龙粳13→龙粳31。核遗传物质由祖先亲本下北、石狩白毛、农林11、虾夷、笹锦、红星2号、奥羽239、曲系17、藤系117、雪光、越光、收921、空知、北明、空育125、北海84、台中27、高雄53、合选58和色江克按不同比例共同提供,核遗传贡献率分别为:4.6875%、0.9766%、2.5391%、8.2031%、3.9063%、3.1250%、3.9063%、7.8125%、15.6250%、12.5000%、1.5625%、1.5625%、3.1250%、6.2500%、12.5000%、0.7813%、0.7813%、0.7813%、6.2500%和3.1250%。亲本选择时,要注重母本在当地的适应性,而父本则应具有地理远缘或生态远缘的基因血缘;遗传基础狭窄是寒地稻区水稻育种取得新突破的主要限制因素。Longjing31 bred by rice research institute of Heilongjiang academy of agricultural sciences is new super japonica variety in cold region. It has many characteristics such as early maturity,high yield,quality,disease resistance and cold-resistant. In this paper,the ancestors were traced and the family tree was constructed. The main characteristics of the parents and the nuclear genetic contribution rate were analyzed in order to expound the genetic evolution process,and it will provide reference for the selection and utilization of breeding parents. The result showed that Longjing31 belonged to Shimokita cytoplasm family,transfer process was Shimokita→Hayayutaka→Hejiang20→Hejiang21→Longjiao89032→Longjing No. 10→Longjing13→Longjing31. Nuclear genes were provided by the ancestors at different proportions,including Shimokita,Ishikari-shiroge,Nourinn 11,Yukara,Sasanishiki,Hongxing No. 2,Ouu 239,Magarikei 17,Fujikei 117,Yukihikari,Koshihikari,Shuu 921,Sorati,Kitaake,Kuuiku 125,Hoqkai 84,Taizhong27,Gaoxiong53,Hexuan58 and Sejiangke. Nuclear genetic contribution rate respectively was4. 6875%,0. 9766%,2. 5391%,8. 2031%,3. 9063%,3. 1250%,3. 9063%,7. 8125%,15. 6250%,12. 5000%,1. 5625%,1. 5625%,3. 1250%,6. 2500%,12. 5000%,0. 7813%,0. 7813%,0. 7813%,6. 2500% and3. 1250%. In the parent selection,the adaptability of female parent in the locality should be attended,and the male parent should have the geographical and ecological distant genes. Narrow genetic basis was mainly factors which lim-it the new breakthroughs of rice breeding in cold region.

关 键 词：超级稻 龙粳31 祖先亲本 遗传贡献率 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]