塔克拉玛干沙漠不同区域土壤热通量比较  

Comparison of the Soil Heat Flux Variations in Different Areas over the Taklimakan Desert

作　　者：张文斌[1,2,3] 买买提艾力.买买提依明 何清[2,3] 杨兴华[2,3] 霍文[2,3] 杨帆 塔伊尔.艾则孜[4] 

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]塔克拉玛干沙漠大气环境观测试验站,新疆塔中841000 [4]霍城县气象局,新疆霍城835200

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2016年第2期57-62,共6页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：公益性行业专项(GYHY201306066);国家自然科学基金(41175140)联合资助

摘　　要：选取塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中地区和北缘过渡带肖塘地区2个观测站,2013年土壤热通量观测资料,初步分析了两地区不同下垫面的土壤热通量变化特征。结果表明:(1)在日变化尺度上,2个站都有明显的日变化特征,1月塔中站土壤热通量日平均变化幅度小于肖塘站,4月2个站的土壤热通量变化幅度较为接近;7、10月塔中站土壤热通量变化幅度明显高于肖塘站。(2)不同天气条件下,2个站的土壤热通量变化都有很大差异。晴天,塔中站和肖塘站土壤热通量变化都呈现出单峰型,变化幅度较一致,日较差分别为119.7 W·m^(-2)和119.1 W·m^(-2);沙尘暴天气,土壤热通量受云层的影响,变化波动较大,塔中站变化幅度小于肖塘站,日较差分别为83.6 W·m^(-2)和133.1 W·m^(-2);降水天气,塔中站和肖塘站变化幅度都很剧烈,日较差分别为70.6 W·m^(-2)和66.6 W·m^(-2)。(3)年变化尺度上,塔中站和肖塘站土壤热通量都在7月达到最大值,分别为7.7 W·m^(-2)和4.2 W·m^(-2),在11月出现最小值分别为-5.3 W·m^(-2)和-10.2 W·m^(-2)。塔中站和肖塘站土壤热通量年总量差异很大,塔中站为16.8 W·m^(-2),能量由大气向土壤传递,土壤为热汇,而肖塘站则为-34.9 W·m^(-2),能量由土壤向大气传播,土壤表现为热源。The observed soil heat flux data of the Tazhong and Xiaotang station in 2013 were analyzed and compared. The Tazhong station is located at the hinterland of Taklimakan desert, and the Xiaotang station at the northern margin which is an ecotone of the Taklimakan desert and oasis, they standard for two different underlying surfaces. Their different characteristics of the soil heat flux variation are as follows： （1）On the scale of day, the soil heat flux at two stations has obvious diurnal variation. The averaged diurnal variation at the Tazhong station is below than that at the Xiaotang station in January, but their variations are similar to each other in April, however, the amplitude of variation at the Tazhong station is larger than that at the Xiaotang station in July and October. （2）The soil heat flux at two stations has significant differences under different weather conditions. In sunny days, the diurnal variations have single peak, and the variation ranges are consistency at two stations. The differences of the maximum and minimum values （DMMV）of the averaged soil heat fluxes at the Tazhong and Xiaotang station are 119.7 W·m^-2 and 119.1 W·m^-2, respectively. In dust-sand storm days, the soil heat fluxes are affected by cloud which shadows the solar incident radiation, thus, it enhances the range. The variation at the Tazhong station is below than that at the Xiaotang station, the DMMV are 83.6 W·m^-2 and 133.1 W·m^-2, respectively. In rainy days, the soil heat flux variation is dramatic at two stations, the DMMV are 70.6 W·m^-2 and 66.6 W·m^-2, respectively. （3）On the scale of year, the averaged soil heat fluxes reach the highest in July at the Tazhong and Xiaotang stations, their values are 7.7 W＆#183;m -2 and 4.2 W＆#183;m -2, respectively, and reach the lowest in November, their values are -5.3 W·m^-2 and -10.2 W·m^-2, respectively. Moreover, the average annual soil heat fluxes are also significant at two stations, at Tazhong station, the value is 16.8 W·m^-2, which means th

关 键 词：塔克拉玛干沙漠 土壤热通量 塔中 肖塘 

分 类 号：P461.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]