β^-衰变中容许跃迁和禁戒跃迁的衰变规律  

Decay law of allowed and forbidden transitions in β^--decay half-lives

作　　者：张绍庆[1,2] 谢娟[1] 张小平[3] 支启军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学物理与电子科学学院,贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学天文研究与教育中心,贵阳550001 [3]澳门科技大学月球与行星科学实验室,澳门519020

出　　处：《物理学报》2016年第9期26-33,共8页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:11565010;11165006;11365006);贵州省科技创新人才团队(批准号:黔科合人才团队(2015)4015号);贵州省普通高等学校创新团队项目资助(批准号:黔教合人才团队字[2014]35);贵州省优秀青年科技人才培养计划(批准号:2011-29);贵州省国际科技合作计划(批准号:20117026);贵州省科学技术厅和贵州师范大学联合科技基金项目(批准号:黔科合J字LKS[2011]17号);贵州省留学人员科技活动计划(批准号:2013-03);澳门科技发展基金(批准号:068/2011/A;048/2012/A2;091/2013/A3;020/2014/A1)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：在考虑容许跃迁和禁戒跃迁的基础上,对远离β稳定线附近原子核的β^-衰变寿命进行了系统的研究,发现对于远离β稳定线的原子核的β^-衰变寿命,其容许跃迁和禁戒跃迁寿命(T_(1/2))与母核的质子数和中子数之间存在指数规律.利用这个规律,计算了β^-衰变中的容许跃迁和禁戒跃迁(包括一级禁戒跃迁和二级禁戒跃迁)的衰变寿命,理论计算结果与实验值符合得很好.在此基础上,对于一些核素的β^-衰变寿命进行预言,这对于核物理和天体物理中β^-衰变研究具有重要意义.β-decay half-lives are not only important parameters for studying the structures and decay properties of the exotic nucleus far from stability,but also basic parameters for understanding the astrophysical phenomenon.Astrophysicists need exact data of β-decay half-lives as input to build nucleosynthesis models for understanding the elements abundances of our universe and solar system.For nuclei far from stability,experimental synthesis and further measurements on their half-lives are rather difficult due to the rarity and radioactivity of target material for synthesizing these nuclei.In theoretical respect,although there are many models such as finite-range droplet model plus quasi-particle random-phase approximation（QRPA）,microscopic density functional theory plus QRPA,Hatree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory plus QRPA,and shell model etc.,it is still a challenge to calculate β-decay half-lives in a reliable way for nuclei far from the β^-stable line,partly because of the intrinsic complexity of nuclear multi-body problem.In empirical respect,Sargent made an empirical study of β-decay half-lives in 1933 and discovered a law which is consistent with the Fermi β-decay theory proposed one year later.From then on,there have been a few parametric models based on some of real physical behaviors,which describe complex quantum many-body systems,such as the Kratz–Herrmann formula and the gross theory.Recently,Zhang et al.discovered an exponential law describing β-decay half-lives and the nucleon number（Z,N） of parent nuclei far from the stable line.A formula is proposed to calculate the β-decay half-lives of nuclei far from stability,which can describe experimental data reasonably well.However,the differences between allowed transitions and forbidden transitions are not fully considered in this formula.Zhang et al.used a set of parameters to describe both allowed transitions and forbidden transitions.In this paper,we consider the different β-decay half-lives of allowed transitions and forbidden transitions,and pro

关 键 词：Β稳定线 指数规律 容许跃迁 禁戒跃迁 

分 类 号：O571.322[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]