自闭症谱系障碍的生物基础  

Biological basis of autism spectrum disorders

作　　者：武文佼 张鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西省朔州师范高等专科学校教育系,山西朔州036000 [2]北京师范大学心理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2016年第5期739-752,共14页Advances in Psychological Science

摘　　要：自闭症谱系障碍是一组发病于生命早期,由一系列生理、心理因素引起的神经发育障碍。遗传、脑神经结构、营养素等是自闭症谱系障碍的生物基础的重要来源。个体在孕育早期形成的大脑和机体异常可能是导致自闭症谱系障碍的关键。这种异常在出生后的发育中具体作用于神经活动、脑发育、免疫系统等生理途径。研究者们今后可以尝试横跨不同自闭症谱系障碍亚型、年龄和发育阶段,开展横向与纵向相结合的大范围研究,以进一步明确自闭症谱系障碍的生物基础。Autism spectrum disorder is a set of neuro-developmental disorders caused by a series of physiological and psychological factors which occurs in early life. The current evidence of the biological basis of autism spectrum disorders is analyzed from genetics, brain structure, nutrients and other aspects. Brain and body abnormalities formed in individuals early gestation could be crucial to autism spectrum disorders. These abnormalities affect postnatal development, specifically on physiological pathway such as neural activity, brain development, immune system, inflammatory reactions et. al. In the future researchers could try to stretch across different subtypes of autism spectrum disorders, ages and developmental stages to carry out a large-scale study which combines horizontal and vertical views.

关 键 词：自闭症谱系障碍 病理机制 生物基础 

分 类 号：B845[哲学宗教—心理学]