高温胁迫对葡萄幼树叶绿素荧光特性和抗氧化酶活性的影响  

Effects of heat stress on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and antioxidant activity in grapevines(Vitis vinifera L. cv. Xiahei)

作　　者：查倩[1] 奚晓军[1] 蒋爱丽[1] 田益华[1] 黄健[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所,上海201403

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2016年第4期525-532,共8页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家葡萄产业技术体系项目(CARS-30-9)~~

摘　　要：为了探讨短期和长期高温处理后葡萄生理应答反应,本研究在人工气候室环境中模拟夏季高温发生时间段（10：00~16：00）对一年生盆栽葡萄‘夏黑’进行25°C、35°C、45°C温度处理,测定处理6 h时（短期）和150 h时（长期）功能叶片的叶绿素荧光动力学及抗氧化酶活性。结果显示：在35°C处理6 h时‘夏黑’叶片ΨEo、ΦEo、ETo/RC显著上升;45°C处理6 h时‘夏黑’各荧光参数表现出显著性差异,而在150 h时主要荧光参数恢复至原初水平;高温处理下‘夏黑’的叶绿素含量和SOD酶活增长趋势较不明显;35°C/45°C处理均导致抗氧化酶活性POD和CAT以及过氧化物产物MDA（丙二醇）表现出较强的增长趋势。综上可知,短期高温处理（6 h）‘夏黑’叶片PSII活性遭到破坏,但是长期高温处理（150 h）‘夏黑’的PSII活性得到恢复,推测‘夏黑’有较强高温逆境适应能力;高温逆境打破‘夏黑’氧化还原平衡,MDA含量增加。这些结果对于了解葡萄在高温胁迫下的耐受能力具有参考价值。The study investigates the physiological response during short period and long period after high temperature stress in grapevines. Annual grapevines ‘Xiahei＇ were selected and cultured in the artificial climate chamber. 6 h and 150 h of different treatments（25°C, 35°C and 45°C） between time periods（10：00~16：00）, which was simulated the high temperature levels in the day of summer, leaf chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant activity were analyzed. The results showed that ΨEo, ΦEo, and ETo/RC significantly increased at 6 h of 35°C treatment. Some chlorophyll fluorescence parameters changed significantly at 6 h of 45°C treatment, however, those main parameters recovered to the original levels. The chlorophyll content and SOD did not alert obviously under heat stress. POD, CAT activities and MDA content showed strong growth trend under 35°C/45°C treatments. In conclusion： the damage of PSII at 45°C treatment was more than 35°C treatment, and electron transfer process of PSII was sensitive to high temperature stress. PSII activity was destroyed under 45°C treatment for a short period（6 h）, and recovered under 45°C treatment for a long period（150 h）, which indicated ‘Xiahei＇ had adjusted primly the heat stress. In addition, heat stress broke the redox balance and accumulated lots of harmful substances. Those results provided the reference value in understanding the grapes in the toleranc e ability under heat stress.

关 键 词：高温胁迫 葡萄'夏黑’ 叶绿素荧光 抗氧化酶活性 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]