放射性废水处理中吸附铀的优势藻种筛选  

Selection of Suitable Microalgal Species for Sorption of Uranium in Radioactive Wastewater Treatment

作　　者：李鑫 胡洪营[2] 余骏一 赵文玉[3] 

机构地区：[1]火箭军工程设计研究院,北京100011 [2]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [3]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,桂林541004

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第5期1858-1863,共6页Environmental Science

摘　　要：随着核工业的发展,含铀放射性废水的产生量越来越大,必须进行妥善处理与处置.微藻吸附技术是近年来放射性废水处理领域的研究热点,而获得吸附铀的优势藻种则是该技术得以研究和应用的基础.从工程应用的角度出发确定了筛选原则,并针对11株备选藻种进行了优势藻种筛选工作.栅藻LX1对铀的吸附容量最大,为40.7 mg·g^(-1);在m BG11培养基(模拟城镇污水处理厂污染物排放一级A标准的氮磷浓度限值)中的生物质产量较高,为0.32 g·L^(-1);生长进入稳定期后的沉降性能较好,沉降率为45.3%.综上,在本研究范围内,栅藻LX1为放射性废水处理中吸附铀的优势藻种.The amount of radioactive wastewater discharge was increasing year by year,with the quick development of nuclear industry.Therefore,the proper treatment and disposal of radioactive wastewater are essentially important for environmental safety and human health. Microalgal biosorption of nuclide has drawn much attention in the area of radioactive wastewater treatment recently,and the selection of a proper microalgal species for uranium biosorption is the basis for the research and application of this technology. The selection principle was set up from the view of practical application,and 11 species of microalgae were prepared for the selection work.Scenedesmus sp. LX1 has the highest biosorption capacity of 40. 7 mg·g^-1for uranium; and its biomass production in m BG11 medium（ simulating the nitrogen and phosphorus limits in the first-class A discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant） was 0. 32 g·L^-1,which was relatively high among the 11 microalgal species; when grown into stable phase it also showed a good precipitation capability with the precipitation ratio of 45. 3%. Above all,in our selection range of the 11 microalgal species,Scenedesmus sp. LX1 could be considered as the suitable species for uranium biosorption in radioactive wastewater treatment.

关 键 词：放射性废水 铀 生物吸附 微藻 藻种筛选 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]