间歇曝气SBR处理养猪沼液的短程脱氮性能  

Stability of Short-cut Nitrification Nitrogen Removal in Digested Piggery Wastewater with an Intermittently Aerated Sequencing Batch Reactor

作　　者：宋小燕 刘锐 税勇 川岸朋树 占新民 陈吕军[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江清华长三角研究院生态环境研究所,浙江省水质科学与技术重点实验室,嘉兴314006 [2]三菱丽阳水处理研发中心,日本丰桥4408601 [3]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第5期1873-1879,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：MRC合作项目;嘉兴市科技计划项目(2014AY21014,2015AY23004);南湖区科技计划项目(2013QS01)

摘　　要：采用间歇曝气序批式活性污泥法(intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactors,IASBR)处理养猪沼液,研究在控温30℃、分步进水条件下的短程脱氮性能.结果表明,进水化学需氧量(COD)与总氮(TN)的比值对脱氮性能影响很大,当进水COD/TN为0.8±0.2时,反应器内亚硝态氮浓度持续积累到高达800 mg·L^(-1),对TN、氨氮(NH^+_4-N)和总有机碳(TOC)的去除率仅分别为18.3%±12.2%、84.2%±10.3%、60.7%±10.7%;进水COD/TN提高到2.4±0.5后,亚硝态氮积累浓度迅速从800 mg·L^(-1)降低至10 mg·L^(-1)以下,TN、氨氮和TOC的去除率分别上升至90%、95%和85%以上.逐步缩短HRT以提高运行负荷,发现氨氮负荷是IASBR稳定脱氮的制约因素,体系耐受的氨氮负荷最大为0.30 kg·(m3·d)-1,当超过耐受负荷后,TN、氨氮和TOC的去除率将显著下降.整个运行阶段反应器内亚硝态氮积累率达74.6%~97.8%,运行稳定期实现TN去除率达90%以上,IASBR系统在低碳氮比下实现了高效稳定的短程硝化反硝化,且不需要额外添加碱度药剂,在处理高氨氮低碳氮比废水上具有优越性.Stability of short-cut nitrification nitrogen removal performance was studied in a step-feeding, intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactor（ IASBR） at 30℃ to treat digested piggery wastewater. Results showed that the nitrogen removal was greatly influenced by the ratio of chemical oxygen demand（ COD） to total nitrogen（ TN） in the influent. Nitrite nitrogen kept accumulating up to 800 mg·L^-1when the influent COD/TN ratio was 0. 8 ± 0. 2,and the removal rates of TN,ammonium nitrogen and total organic carbon（ TOC） were only 18. 3% ± 12. 2%,84. 2% ± 10. 3% and 60. 7% ± 10. 7%,respectively. By contrast,as the influent COD/TN ratio was increased to 2. 4 ± 0. 5,the accumulated concentration of nitrite nitrogen sharply decreased from 800 mg·L^-1to below 10mg·L^-1,and the removal rates of TN,ammonium nitrogen and TOC were increased to over 90%,95% and 85%,respectively.Gradually shortened hydraulic retention time（ HRT） reveales that the ammonia load is a restricting factor for nitrogen removal. The ammonia load should be controlled at no more than 0. 30 kg·（ m3·d）- 1,or else,the removal rates of TN,ammonium and TOC would be greatly decreased. The nitrite accumulation rate over the whole run was 74. 6%-97. 8% and the TN removal rate in the stable phase was over 90%. With efficient and stable short-cut nitrification-denitrification in a low COD/TN,moreover,and unnecessary for addition of alkaline,IASBR shows great advantage for treating wastewater with high concentration of ammonia while low COD/TN ratio.

关 键 词：间歇曝气序批式活性污泥法(IASBR) 养猪沼液 碳氮比 总氮 氨氮 短程硝化反硝化 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]