氯化钾与硫酸钾配施对马铃薯干物质及产量效益的影响  

Influences of combined application of potassium chloride and potassium sulphate on dry matter,yield and economical profit of potato

作　　者：黄美华[1] 冯剑[2] 徐鹏举 张新明[2] 王凯[1] 刘宏伟[2] 曹先维[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642 [2]华南农业大学资源与环境学院,广东广州510642 [3]惠东县农业技术推广中心,广东惠东516300

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2016年第3期101-105,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(2013GB2E000369);农业部现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-10-ES14);广东省科技计划项目(2010B020315022);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B14)

摘　　要：通过比较施用硫酸钾、氯化钾及其配施(1∶1)结果,探讨氯化钾全部或部分替代硫酸钾对马铃薯干物质积累量、品质、产量及经济效益的影响,明确氯化钾替代硫酸钾的可行性。结果表明,不同钾肥处理对马铃薯干物质积累和各器官干物质分配率均有影响。各处理块茎淀粉和粗蛋白含量大小依次为:氯化钾>配施>硫酸钾和氯化钾>硫酸钾>配施,配施处理块茎总产量(60 914.83 kg/hm^2)显著高于其他处理,较硫酸钾处理增产10.08%,而氯化钾处理产量最低、比硫酸钾处理减少0.68%。配施处理经济效益最高,但各处理间无显著差异。在供试条件下,用氯化钾部分替代硫酸钾可提高经济效益。In Huidong county, Huizhou city of Guangdong province, a field experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of potassium sulphate, potassium chloride and combined application （ I ： 1 ） of them on the dry matter, tuber yield, quality and economical profit of winter potato, and to determine the feasibility of substitution of potassium chloride for potassium sulphate. Three treatments, potassium sulphate, potassium chloride, combined application （ 1 ： 1 ） of them were designed, with each treatment being replicated three times at random. The results showed that different fertilizer treatments had impacts on potato dry matter accumulation and each organ allocation rate of dry matter. The treatment order of starch and protein contents were as follows： potassium chloride 〉 combined application 〉 potassium sulphate, and potassium chloride 〉 potassium sulphate 〉 combined application, respectively. The yield of combined application treatment （ 60 914.83 kg/hm2 ） was significantly higher than that of others, with 10.08% higher than that of potassium sulohate. Though the yield of potassium chloride treatment was the least, with 0.68% lower than that of potassium sulphate treatment, there was no significant difference between potassium chloride and potassium sulphate. Furthermore, the results showed that the economic profit of combined application surpassed that of both potassium sulphate and potassium chloride treatments, but no significant difference existed among them. It was concluded that potassium chloride could partly replace potassium sulphate in winter potato production under the tested conditions.

关 键 词：冬作马铃薯 硫酸钾 氯化钾 配施 

分 类 号：S532.062[农业科学—作物学] S143.3