北京市城区蚊密度调查及西尼罗病毒携带情况研究  

Investigation of mosquito-vector density and West Nile Virus carrying status in Beijing

作　　者：魏绪强[1] 刘婷[2] 周小洁[2] 李秋红[2] 张勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市东城区疾病预防控制中心,北京100009 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2015年第6期582-586,共5页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：北京市自然基金面上项目(编号:7132038)

摘　　要：目的探讨适合于城区不同生境的最佳蚊媒密度监测方法,了解城区内西尼罗病毒(WNV)潜在蚊媒种群构成、季节消长及带毒情况,为制定、评价和调整蚊虫控制措施提供依据,并为WNV的传入与出现进行必要的理论和技术储备。方法通过比较3种不同成蚊密度监测方法对不同生境的蚊虫诱捕效果,筛选最佳的监测方法;采用该方法对城区内不同生境的WNV潜在蚊媒进行调查并进行蚊虫采集;利用Vec Test抗原分析试剂盒和Ramp分析系统2种快速检测方法对采自城区内的蚊虫进行WNV检测。结果 3种监测方法对不同生境的蚊虫诱捕效果存在显著差异,密度高低顺序依次为:人帐诱法[4.167只/(帐·h)]>CO2诱蚊灯法[2.214只/(灯·h)]>诱蚊灯法[0.577只/(灯·h)],CO2诱蚊灯法诱捕种类多于其他2种方法;城区内共监测到3种西尼罗病毒潜在蚊媒,分别为淡色库蚊(占71.28%)、白纹伊蚊(占27.21%)和三带喙库蚊(占1.51%)。全年平均蚊密度为0.853只/(灯·h),蚊虫高峰期发生在7月上旬,为2.196只/(灯·h);对连续2年诱捕的1 515只蚊虫进行WNV检测,均为阴性。结论 CO2诱蚊灯法可作为蚊媒传染病发生时期进行传播媒介的调查及需要采集大量雌蚊进行相关病原体检测时捕获蚊虫的方法;明确了城区内不同生境的WNV潜在蚊媒种群构成及季节消长情况;未检测到不同生境中的蚊虫携带WNV。Objective To explore the optimal monitoring method of mosquito-vector density suitable for different habitats, and understand the potential West Nile Virus （WNV） mosquito-vector population structure, their seasonal fluctuation and virus carrying status, providing the basis for mosquito control and technological reservoir for the introduction of WNV. Methods Mosquito-curtain trap, CO2 trapping lamp and light trapping lamp were employed for mosquito monitoring. WNV was detected with VecTest antigen assay kit and the Ramp analysis system. Results There were significant difference in the mosquito densities from the three methods. The densities from high to low were as followed ： mosquito-curtain trap [ 4. 167 adults/（ tent · h） ] 〉 CO2 trapping lamp [ 2. 214 adults/（ lamp ·h） ] 〉 light trapping lamp [ 0. 577 adults/（ lamp · h） l- CO2 trapping lamp captured more than the other two methods in kinds of mosquitos. Three kinds of WNV potential vector mosquito, Culex pipiens pallensre （71.28 % ）,Aedes albopictus （27.21% ） and Culex tritaeniorhynchus （1.51% ） from city area were detected. The annual average mosquito density was 0. 853 adults/（ lamp ·h）, and mosquito peak [ 2. 196 adults/（ lamp ·h） ] occurred in early July. The two consecutive years detection for WNV from 1 515 mosquitoes were negative. Conclusion CO2 trapping lamp can be used for the survey of mosquitoes. The composition and seasonal fluctuation of WNV potential vector mosquito populations in different habitats within the city were explored, and did not detect mosquitoes carrying WNV from different habitats.

关 键 词：媒蚊 密度监测 西尼罗病毒检测 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]