黄海与东海周边河流及泥质区沉积物黏土矿物的分布特征和控制因素  

DISTRIBUTION OF CLAY MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES IN THE RIVERS ENTERING YELLOW SEA AND EAST CHINA SEA AND THE MUDDY SHELVE DEPOSITS AND CONTROL FACTORS

作　　者：梁小龙[1] 杨守业[1] 印萍[2] 赵云[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学海洋与地球科学学院,海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]青岛海洋地质研究所,青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2015年第6期1-15,共15页Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41376049;41225020)

摘　　要：黏土粒级沉积物作为边缘海环境中最细组分,记录了源区风化剥蚀、河流和风尘搬运模式、海区沉积动力过程和埋藏环境等综合信息,因而具有特殊的示踪意义。通过系统比较黄海、东海周边主要入海河流的黏土矿物数据,揭示出不同河流黏土矿物组成差异明显。伊利石和绿泥石在台湾河流中含量最高,闽江中最低;高岭石在闽江及福建主要河口区最富集,在台湾河流中最低;蒙皂石主要富集在黄河和老黄河中,在闽江、台湾和韩国河流中最低。不同河流的黏土矿物组成差异主要受纬度带气候的控制,黏土矿物比值图解可作为指示地带性气候和化学风化特征的有效指标。河口区黏土矿物组成受差异沉降和其他物源的影响显著。物源判别图解虽能近似区分黄、东海泥质区的物源,但黏土矿物分析误差使得物源判别存在较大不确定性,要结合其他方法(如地球化学)加以验证。Clay minerals, as the finest portion of the deposits in the marginal sea, recorded the weathering and denudation processes in the provenance, and the transportation, deposition and burial processes of the river sediments and eolian dust in the sea. In this regard, clay minerals are widely used as tracers to sedi- ment provenance and paleoenvironmental changes. This study deals with the clay minerals from the sedi- ments of the major rivers entering the Yellow Sea and East China Sea and the muddy deposits on shelves. The results reveal that there are obvious differences of clay mineral assemblages among different rivers. Il- lite and chlorite are the highest in the Taiwan rivers, but lowest in the Minjiang River. Kaolinite is rela- tively enriched in the Minjiang and other rivers in Fujian Province, but depleted in Taiwan rivers. Smectite is mainly concentrated in the modern and old Yellow River, and rarely observed in the Minjiang, Taiwan and Korean rivers. The differences of clay mineral assemblages in these rivers are mainly controlled by latitude and monsoon climate; the ratios of some clay minerals can be used as effective proxies to the weathe- ring in provenance. The clay mineral compositions in the estuarine areas can be influenced by differential deposition and other factors. Although provenance discrimination diagrams based on clay minerals can in general distinguish the sources of the muddy deposits on the Yellow Sea and East China Sea shelves, the uncertainty of the method has to be considered carefully, and the integrated study with other approaches is recommended.

关 键 词：河流 黏土矿物 泥质沉积 物源判别 黄海、东海 

分 类 号：P736.2[天文地球—海洋地质]