道义救助危机的过程叙事、实践反思及制度重构——基于延伸个案的分析进路  

The Narrative Process,The Reflections on Practice and The System Reconstruction of Moral Assistance Crisis- Based on the analysis of the case extends into the road

作　　者：周建达[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江警察学院侦查系,浙江杭州310053

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2016年第3期25-38,共14页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(15YJS820085)

摘　　要：当下的道义救助危机,不仅是中国日益弥散的整体性道德危机的一个重要组成部分,而且是其宏大背景的一个微观影射。"彭宇案"及"小悦悦事件"充分表明,道义救助危机的酿就绝非偶然,而是有着复杂的社会背景和深刻的行动逻辑:正是由于长期以来人们习惯了漠视乃至无视道德成本的客观存在,才促使人们在道德实践中不自觉地遵循了一种悖反的行动逻辑,即过多地将精力倾注于道德话语的传播,而无暇甚至无心眷顾那些在实质上支撑道德践行的外部条件,以致在道义救助的场合,道德规范的一次不经意的隐退,引发了一场旷日持久的危机。因此,必须正视道德成本的基本原理,加快制度化的公共道德治理机制建设,即建构一套以道德行为的成本原理为基础,以道德行为的供需平衡为目标,以公共政策的有效供给为手段,集道义救助的风险干预、成本补偿、行为回馈、需求筛滤以及需求分担机制为一体的制度化的公共道德治理机制。The current crisis of moral relief is not only an important part of China＇s overall moral crisis,but also is a microscopic insinuate of its grand backgrounds. Both ＂Peng Yu case＂and＂Xiao Yueyue incident＂fully demonstrated that the crisis of moral relief didn＇t break out on accident,but has a complex social background and profound action logic： It is because people have been accustomed long to despising and even ignoring the existence of objective moral costs that prompted people to unconsciously follow a wrong logic of moral practice in action,which devoted too much effort to the dissemination of moral discourse,but with no time or unintentionally favored those external conditions which supported the moral practices essentially. So in the case of moral relief,a casual retreat of ethics led to a protracted crisis. Thus,we must adapt to the morality of modern governance systems and governance capacity requirements,and try to construct a set of public morality governance mechanisms,which makes the cost principles of ethical behavior in a based,supply- demand balance of ethical behavior as the goal,the effective supply of public policy as a means,in order to resolve the crisis at all. It consists of the moral rescue risk intervention mechanism,the cost compensation mechanism,the behavioral feedback mechanism,the needs sieving mechanisms and the demand- sharing mechanism.

关 键 词：道义救助 道德危机 道德成本 制度化的公共道德治理机制 

分 类 号：DF0-053[政治法律—法学理论]