人工耳蜗植入学前儿童1422例康复效果进步幅度的影响因素分析  

Analysis of influencing factors on rehabilitation effects for 1 422 preschool deaf children following cochlear implantation

作　　者：胡向阳[1] 翟磊[2] 龙墨[2] 梁巍[2] 王芳[2] 霍二冰[2] 周丽君[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学人口研究所,100871 [2]中国聋儿康复研究中心,北京100029

出　　处：《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2016年第5期361-366,共6页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

摘　　要：目的 探讨影响学前聋儿人工耳蜗植入后的听觉与言语康复进步幅度的基本因素,为康复策略的改进与优化提供指引.方法 采用聋儿听觉、语言能力标准评估工具,对1 422例学龄前人工耳蜗植入聋儿进行为期1年的跟踪评价,计算其听觉与言语康复效果进步幅度,并通过SPSS19.0统计软件进行不同分组变量间的相关分析和方差分析.结果 （1）听觉与语言术后1年的康复效果进步幅度与听障儿童人工耳蜗植入年龄间存在着负相关关系（P＜0.01）,与父母的文化水平间存在着不同程度的正相关关系（P＜0.01）,与父母的听力状况间不存在相关关系;（2）父亲文化程度对听障儿童听觉与语言术后1年的康复效果进步幅度的影响度大于母亲文化程度的影响度;（3）术后1年听觉康复效果进步幅度与语言康复效果进步幅度之间存在正相关关系（r =0.689,P＜0.01）;（4）耳蜗植入年龄2～3岁组的听障儿童术后1年无论是听觉还是语言的康复效果进步幅度都是最高值（言语听觉识别率的进步幅度达到77.5％,语言年龄进步幅度达到2.02岁）,与耳蜗植入年龄3岁以上各组间差异均有统计学意义（P值均＜0.05）.结论 （1）预期听障儿童更佳的康复效果进步幅度,耳蜗植入年龄不宜超过3岁;（2）重视父亲在听障儿童康复养育过程中的作用,更有利于激发听障儿童主动学习的积极性.Objective To investigate the basic factors of the progress amplitude of hearing and speech rehabilitation effect of preschool deaf children with cochlear implants,and provide guidance for the improvement and optimization of rehabilitation strategies.Method Using the standard hearing and language assessment tools,tracked and evaluated 1 422 CI preschool deaf children for a period of one year,and calculated the effect of hearing and speech rehabilitation,carried out the correlation analysis and variance analysis among different grouping variables.Result （1） There was a negative correlation （P 〈 0.01）between the rehabilitation effect and cochlear implantation age,existed the different degree of positive correlation （P 〈 0.01） between the rehabilitation effect and parents cultural level,but no correlation between the rehabilitation effect and parents hearing status.（2） Father＆#39;s education level,in comparison to mother＆#39;s education level,had greater impact on the children rehabilitation effect.（3）There was positive correlation （r =0.689,P 〈 0.01） between the progress amplitude of hearing and speech rehabilitation effect.（4） The progress amplitude of auditory and language rehabilitation effect of 2-3 years old group was the highest value（the progress amplitude of hearing and speech recognition rate reached 77.5%,the progress amplitude of language age progress rate reached 2.02 years old）,and there were significant differences （P 〈 0.05） between over 3 years old groups.Conclusions （1） To expect the better progress amplitude of rehabilitation effect,cochlear imnplant age should not be more than 3 years old.（2） Father＆#39;s effect in the process of rehabilitation is more helpful for deaf children＆#39;s learning enthusiasms.

关 键 词：耳蜗植入术 聋 儿童 学龄前 康复 听力障碍 康复 言语和语言障碍 

分 类 号：R764.9[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]