中国男子篮球职业化与竞技水平协调发展的对策研究  

Study on the Coordinated Development of the Professional and Competitive Level of Chinese Men's Basketball

作　　者：朱林[1] 黄松峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]集美大学体育学院,福建厦门361021 [2]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2016年第3期21-26,共6页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(13BTY050)

摘　　要：以制度变迁的过程理论为分析问题的依据,对中国男子篮球职业联赛(CBA)发展与国家队成绩下滑的悖逆现象进行分析。"双轨"体制运行下,初始行动团体对中国篮球职业化改革的制度设计、变迁方向、可控实施均存不确定性;产权界限不清、人才培养的制度激励不足加剧了稀缺性资源危机;制度创新与旧路径依赖的矛盾和反复,增加了制度变迁的代价;次级行动集团(俱乐部)执行阻滞,优质人力资源过度依赖进口,削弱了中国篮球发展的内在动力。研究认为,中国篮球协会与俱乐部利益诉求不一,职业体育发展的制度环境不完善,联赛造市不造星是导致人才培养效果不理想,国家队水平下滑的主要原因。建议中国职业篮球发展应在利益定位、人才培养、外援使用、联赛改革与国家队建设上协同推进,充分发挥"双轨"体制运行的互补性优势,减少制度变迁中联赛发展的负外部性。Based on the process theory of institutional change,this paper analyzes the contradictory phenomenon of the development of CBA professional league and the decline in performance of national team.The result shows that there is uncertainty in system design,transformational direction and steerable implementation in the professionalization of China＇s basketball imposed by initial action group under the dual-track system.The ambiguity of property right and lacking of stimulus in talent cultivation system aggravate the shortage of scarce resources.Institutional innovation,together with the contradiction and repetition relied by the former mode increase the cost of institutional change.The executive ineffectiveness of secondary action group（club）and the immoderate reliance on the introduction of high-quality players impair the internal impetus to develop China＇s basketball.Conclusion：The disparate benefit appeal of basketball association and club,the absence of institutional environment for the development of professional sports,as well as concentration on profit appeal of league instead of talent cultivation appeal are the main reasons for the ineffectiveness of talent cultivation system and the worsening performance of national team.Suggestion：Improve China＇s professional basketball by collaboratively propelling talent cultivation,use of foreign aid,league reformation and the arrangement of the national team＇s system.Exploit the supplementary advantages of dual-track system.And reduce the negative externalities of league＇s development in institutional change.

关 键 词：中国男子篮球职业联赛 中国男子篮球队 成绩 制度变迁 原因 对策 

分 类 号：G841[文化科学—体育训练]