基于QuickBird影像的黄土高原植被恢复差异  

Difference of Vegetation Restoration in the Loess Plateau Based on QuickBird Image

作　　者：阿妮克孜.肉孜 张岩[1] 何远梅[1] 李镇[1] 杨松[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2016年第3期554-559,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项课题"黄土丘陵严重侵蚀区植被恢复和重建技术研究"(201104002-2);国家自然科学基金"黄土丘陵区退耕还林对切沟发育和侵蚀过程的影响机制"(41271301)资助

摘　　要：为了探讨退耕还林（草）以来,不同区域以及不同立地类型植被恢复的差异,利用2期同时相Quickbird影像等数据,分析黄土高原3个研究区6~9 a的植被变化。结果表明：1陕西吴起县研究区8种立地类型条件下植被覆盖度都有增加,但是阳向斜坡和陡坡植被覆盖度低于阴坡的6%左右,平缓和极陡的阴坡和阳坡差异不大。阳向的陡坡和极陡坡以及阴向极陡坡植被覆盖度都没有达到50%,明显低于其他立地类型,是吴起研究区植被恢复的困难立地。2在研究时段内,吴起、吉县、绥德3个研究区阳坡植被覆盖度低于45%的面积比例均有减少,但植被恢复效果存在差异,由好到差的顺序为：吉县、绥德、吴起,这与所在地理位置的水热条件分布基本一致。3经过10多年的植被恢复,吴起研究区阳坡植被覆盖度低于30%的面积主要分布在陡和极陡坡等植被恢复困难的立地。在水热条件较好的吉县研究区,阳坡各种立地类型植被恢复程度接近,反而在立地条件较好的平缓坡上,植被覆盖度低于30%的面积比例相对较大。以上结果可为黄土高原地区全面评价退耕还林（草）工程提供参考。In order to restore vegetation with different site conditions in different parts of the Loess Plateau,the project of returning farmland to forestland or grassland was implemented. The change of vegetation in three typical regions was analyzed based on the Quickbird images of the same time phase in 6- 9- year periods and 5 m × 5 m DEMs. The results are as follows： 1 Vegetation coverage of all 8 types with different site conditions was increased in the Wuqi study area. The vegetation coverage on slightly steep sunny slope（ 15°- 25°） and steep sunny slope（ 25°- 35°） was about 6% lower than that on similar shady slope,while little difference was found between sunny and shady gentle slope（ 15°） or sunny and shady extremely steep slope（ 35°）. It was difficult to restore vegetation on steep sunny slope and extremely steep slope in the Wuqi study area where the vegetation coverage was still lower than 50% after the project of returning farmland to forestland or grassland was implemented for longer than 10 years; 2 During the 6- 9- year periods,the area of land with vegetation coverage lower than 45% was reduced in varying degrees in the Wuqi,Jixian and Suide study areas. Vegetation restoring rate was the highest in Jixian,and then in Suide and Wuqi,which was related to the geographical locations and the water and heat conditions; 3 After the vegetation in the Wuqi study area was restored for longer than 10 years,the plots with vegetation coverage lower than 30% were mainly distributed on steep slope and extremely steep slope. In the Jixian study area with relatively good water and heat conditions,the vegetation restoration of different types on sunny slope was similar; on the gentle slope with good site conditions,however,the area of land with vegetation coverage lower than30% was still large. This paper could provide a reference for comprehensively appraising the project of returning farmland to forestland or grassland on the Loess Plateau.

关 键 词：植被覆盖度 立地类型 植被恢复 QUICKBIRD影像 黄土高原 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]