不同氮效率油菜SPS和PEPC活性差异及其对籽粒产量与油分含量的影响  

Different activities of SPS and PEPC in oilseed rape with different nitrogen use efficiency and their influence on seed yield and oil-content

作　　者：余佳玲[1] 宋海星[1] 谢桂先[1] 张振华[1] 廖琼[1] 官春云[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室,南方粮油作物协同创新中心,农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室,植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室,长沙410128 [2]国家油料改良中心湖南分中心,长沙410128

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2016年第3期618-625,共8页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31372130,31071851,31101596);国家支撑计划(2012BAD15BO4,2010BAD01B01);湖南省高校创新平台开放基金(12K064)资助

摘　　要：【目的】蔗糖磷酸合成酶(sucrose phosphate synthase,SPS)与磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase,PEPC)分别控制着植物体内的碳骨架向碳代谢和氮代谢的流转,影响作物的产量与品质。为探明氮高效油菜品种在高效利用氮素的同时协调籽粒蛋白与油分累积矛盾的机理,研究了不同氮效率油菜品种的SPS与PEPC活性差异及其对籽粒油分含量的影响。【方法】采用土培试验,以氮高效品种27号(H)与氮低效品种6号(L)为试验材料,在常氮(N)与低氮(S)条件下,研究不同氮效率油菜品种苗期到花期叶片与角果发育初期的角果、角果发育中期的角果皮与籽粒中SPS与PEPC活性变化及差异、生长后期碳素转运量与转运率以及收获期籽粒油分含量的差异。【结果】两种供氮水平下,氮高效品种27号的产量与籽粒油分含量均显著高于氮低效品种6号,品种优势明显;且氮高效品种27号苗期到花期叶片与角果发育初期的角果、角果发育中期的角果皮与籽粒中的SPS与PEPC活性均高于氮低效品种6号,两种供氮水平的规律相同,但是SPS与PEPC活性的比值(SPS/PEPC)却因生育期不同而异,营养生长期叶片中氮高效品种27号的SPS/PEPC高于氮低效品种6号,开花期品种间叶片SPS/PEPC相近,角果发育期主要生殖器官中的SPS/PEPC值氮高效品种反而低于氮低效品种。说明氮高效品种向碳代谢和氮代谢输送的碳骨架在全生育期均多于氮低效品种,而碳代谢对氮代谢的响应只在生育前期强于氮低效品种,生育后期则相反。碳素转运量与转运率、籽粒油分含量与产量也是氮高效品种大于氮低效品种,这可能为氮高效品种协调籽粒蛋白与油分累积矛盾的重要生理机制。供氮水平对上述各指标有不同的影响,籽粒产量、PEPC活性、碳素转运量及转运率以常氮处理高于低氮处理,而油分含量、SPS活性及SPS/PEPC以常氮处理低于低�【Objectives 】 Transportation of carbon skeleton into carbon metabolism pathway and nitrogen metabolism circulation were respectively controlled by SPS（ sucrose phosphate synthase） and PEPC（ phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase）,and then the yield and grain quality of crop were affected by the two enzymes.In order to elucidate the regulation mechanism of contradiction between seed protein and oil during the high nitrogen use efficiency（ NUE） progress in oilseed rape with high N efficiency,the different activities of SPS and PEPC and their influence on seed yield and oil content in oilseed rape with different NUE were studied in this paper.【Methods】Variety No. 27 with high NUE（ H） and variety No. 6 with low NUE（ L） were cultured in soil under different nitrogen conditions [normal nitrogen condition（ N） and nitrogen stress condition（ S） ] to study the difference of enzyme activities（ SPS and PEPC） in leaf from seedling stage to flowering stage,in silique at early silique stage and in grain and silique husk at silique mid-term stage between the two NUE rape varieties as well as carbon（ C） transportation amount and rate and their seed yield and seed oil content. 【Results】The test results showed that seed yield and seed oil content of high NUE（ No. 27） variety were significantly higher than those of low NUE（ No. 6） variety under two nitrogen conditions（ normal nitrogen and nitrogen stress）,the high NUE rape showed obvious variety advantage. Moreover,activities of SPS and PEPC of high NUE（ No. 27） variety in leaf from seedling stage to flowering stage were higher than those of low NUE（ No. 6） variety under two nitrogen conditions,the same tendency was found in silique at early silique stage as well as in grain and silique husk at silique mid-term stage. While the SPS / PEPC of the two variety rape was changed at different growth periods,SPS / PEPC of high NUE（ No. 27） variety in leaf at vegetative stage was higher than those of low NUE（ No. 6） variet

关 键 词：油菜 SPS PEPC 碳氮代谢 籽粒油分 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]