竹叶及其生物质炭输入对板栗林土壤N_2O通量的影响  

Effects of bamboo leaves and their biochar additions on soil N_2O flux in a Chinese chestnut forest

作　　者：肖永恒[1] 李永夫[1,2] 王战磊[1] 姜培坤[1,2] 周国模[1,2] 刘娟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江临安311300 [2]浙江农林大学亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室培育基地,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2016年第3期697-706,共10页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31470626);浙江省科技厅重点项目(2011C12019);浙江省重点科技创新团队项目(2010R50030)资助

摘　　要：【目的】氧化亚氮(N_2O)是温室气体的主要组成部分,其增温效应极强,陆地生态系统是N_2O的主要排放源之一。人工林生态系统是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,但目前关于经营措施对人工林生态系统土壤N_2O通量的影响研究较少。本文研究了竹叶及其生物质炭输入对板栗林土壤N2O排放通量的影响,为调控亚热带人工林土壤N_2O排放通量提供理论基础与科学依据。【方法】定位试验于2012年7月2013年7月在浙江省临安市三口镇典型板栗林区进行,设对照、输入竹叶、输入生物质炭3个处理,利用静态箱-气相色谱法测定板栗林土壤N_2O通量的动态变化以及土壤温度、土壤含水量、水溶性有机碳(WSOC)、水溶性有机氮(WSON)、微生物量碳(MBC)、微生物量氮(MBN)、NH^+_4-N和NO^-_3-N含量。【结果】不同处理条件下,板栗林土壤N_2O排放通量均呈显著的季节性变化特征,最高值出现在7月,最低值出现在1月。与对照相比,竹叶处理的土壤N_2O年平均通量和年累积排放量分别增加了17.2%和12.8%,而生物质炭处理的土壤N_2O年平均通量和年累积排放量分别降低了27.4%和20.5%。竹叶处理的土壤WSON、MBN、NH^+_4-N及NO^-_3-N含量增加12.4%、19.1%、8.3%和13%,而生物质炭处理的NH^+_4-N和NO^-_3-N含量分别降低了14.1%和18%。在对照、竹叶以及生物质炭处理条件下,板栗林土壤N_2O排放通量与土壤温度(表层5 cm处)和WSOC含量均有显著相关性(P<0.05),与土壤MBC含量均无显著相关性。竹叶处理土壤N2O通量与NH^+_4-N、NO^-_3-N及WSON含量均有显著相关性(P<0.05)。【结论】在不同处理条件下,板栗林土壤N_2O排放通量均呈现明显的季节性变化特征,表现为夏季高、冬季低。输入竹叶可显著增加板栗林土壤N_2O排放通量,而输入生物质炭N_2O排放通量显著降低;输入竹叶和生物质炭可能是通过影响土壤碳库与氮库特征而影响土壤N_2O的排放通【Objectives】Nitrous oxide（ N2O） is the main component of greenhouse gases,and its warming effect is extremely strong. Terrestrial ecosystem is one of the main sources of N2 O emissions. Plantation ecosystem is an important component of the terrestrial ecosystem,but effects of management practices on soil N2 O flux in the plantation ecosystem are seldom studied. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of bamboo leaves and their biochar addition on seasonal variation in N2 O flux in the soils of Chinese chestnut stands and to provide a theoretical basis and scientific evidence for the modulation of the soil N2 O efflux in the plantation ecosystem.【Methods】An experiment was established in the Chinese chestnut forest in Shankou Township,Lin’an City,Zhejiang Province in the period from July,2012 to July,2013. The treatments included control,application of bamboo leaves（ Leaf）,and application of biochar（ Biochar）. Soil N2 O fluxes were analyzed by static closed chamber / GC technique,and soil temperature,the contents of soil water,water soluble organic carbon（ WSOC）,water soluble organic nitrogen（ WSON）,microbial biomass carbon（ MBC）,microbial biomass nitrogen（ MBN）,NH＋4-N,and NO-3-N were determined as well.【Results】Soil N2 O flux exhibits a strong seasonal pattern,with the maximum value in July and the minimum in January,regardless of the treatments. Compared to the control,the annual average flux and annual cumulative value of soil N2 O emission under the Leaf treatment are increased by17. 2% and 12. 8%,respectively,while they are decreased by 27. 4% and 20. 5%,respectively under the Biochar treatment. In comparison with the Control,the concentrations of soil WSON,MBN,NH＋4-N and NO-3-N under the Leaf treatment are increased by 12. 4%,19. 1%,8. 3%,and 13%,respectively,while the concentrations of soil NH＋4-N and NO-3-N are decreased by 14. 1% and 18%,respectively under the Biochar treatment. An exponential relationship between soil temperature and the N2 O

关 键 词：板栗林 N2O通量 生物质炭 竹叶 

分 类 号：S664.2[农业科学—果树学]