超级电容器电极材料研究进展  

Research Progress of Electrode Materials for Super-Capacitor

作　　者：侯博[1] 尹利红[1] 夏靳松 晏荣伟 陈永[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带生物资源教育部重点实验室热带岛屿资源先进材料教育部重点实验室海南省硅锆钛资源综合开发与利用重点实验室,海口570228

出　　处：《河南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第3期286-299,306,共15页Journal of Henan University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51162006;51362009);海南省重点项目(ZDXM2015118);国际科技合作专项(KJHZ2015-02);中西部计划学科重点建设项目(ZXBJH-XK009)

摘　　要：超级电容器因其高功率密度、长循环寿命,兼具传统电容高功率密度和电池高能量密度的优点,引起了人们的极大关注.超级电容器电极材料种类繁多,按储能原理可以分为双电层超级电容器、赝电容超级电容器和电池型超级电容器三类.双电层超级电容器介绍了几类主流的双电层电极材料的研究现状,同时很多研究者将赝电容电极材料和电池型电极材料混为一谈,本文对这两类材料的不同从原理上进行了区分,介绍各自的代表性材料,最后展望了超级电容器电极材料未来发展趋势.Super-capacitors, as a new energy storage device between conventional capacitors and batteries, have drawn great attention due to their high power density, long cycle life and no short circuit concern, which bridge the power/energy gap between the conventional capacitors and rechargeable batteries. The energy density and performance of super-capacitors are highly depended on the used electrode materials. According to the mechanism of the energy storage, super-capacitor can be classified into three different types： electrical double layer capacitors （EDLCs）,electrochemical pseudo-capacitors, and hybrid capacitors.The EDLCs storage energy is used as electrical charge on highly porous materials by separation of charge in a Helmholtz double layer at the interface between the surface of a conductor electrode and electrolyte. Pseudo-capacitance is achieved by Faradaic electron charge-transfer with redox reactions, intercalation or electrosorption use metal oxide or conducting polymer electrodes. Hybrid capacitors, such as the lithium-ion capacitor, use electrodes with differing characteristics： one exhibiting mostly electrostatic capacitance and the other mostly electrochemical capacitance. In this review article, we describe the recent research progress and advance in designing and preparing super-capacitor electrode materials, which may serve as a guideline for the development of super-capacitors.

关 键 词：超级电容器 双电层 赝电容 电池型超级电容器 电极材料 

分 类 号：O646.54[理学—物理化学] TM919[理学—化学]