对非吸烟孕妇被动吸烟干预的效果评价  

Evaluation effect of intervention on passive smoking for non- smoking pregnant women

作　　者：黄云霞[1] 杨练[1] 毛正中[2] 胡德伟 陈学蕴[4] 

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学管理学院卫生经济教研室,四川成都611137 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院卫生经济教研室,四川成都610041 [3]加州大学公共卫生学院卫生经济系,美国伯克利95531 [4]国际烟草控制中心公共卫生部,美国奥克兰95532

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2016年第5期439-442,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)项目(R01TW009295)

摘　　要：目的评价健康干预措施对非吸烟孕妇被动吸烟的干预效果,为改善非吸烟孕妇被动吸烟状况提供参考。方法采用问卷形式对开封市妇幼保健院和妇产医院符合纳入标准的1 100名非吸烟孕妇进行调查,并采用多项有序Logistic回归分析,以非吸烟孕妇暴露于被动吸烟的时间为结局变量,对干预效果进行评价。结果干预后,非吸烟孕妇的被动吸烟暴露状况有所改善(OR=1.564,P<0.001)。第三轮调查的被动吸烟状况优于基线调查,但劣于第二轮调查的被动吸烟状况,非吸烟孕妇被动吸烟的改善状况在产后三月有所反弹。其次,丈夫及其他家人吸烟量与孕妇的被动吸烟暴露状况呈正相关,丈夫及其他家人的吸烟量越大,孕妇的被动吸烟暴露水平越高。低龄、核心家庭结构(夫妻俩或夫妻和孩子组成的家庭)的孕妇相对拥有更高的暴露水平,而拥有高学历、更多的被动吸烟相关知识、所持被动吸烟态度越强烈的孕妇,暴露水平较低。结论加强重点人群的健康教育及产后随访工作,防止控烟意识淡化,改善孕妇的被动吸烟状况。Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions on the exposure to passive smoking for the non-smoking pregnant women,and to propose advice on improving the environment for pregnant living. Methods Questionnaires had been employed to survey 1 100 non-smoking pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria in maternity and child hospital,maternity hospital of Kaifeng. Multinomial Logistic was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions on the exposure to passive smoking for the non-smoking pregnant women. Results Non-smoking pregnant women had lower exposure level after intervention（ OR = 1. 564,P 〈0. 001）,the exposure level in third survey was lower than that in baseline survey,but higher than that in second survey. Secondly,amount of husband and other families tobacco use was significantly positively related to exposure level of non-smoking pregnant women. The more tobacco consumption of family,the higher risk of exposure level of non-smoking pregnant women. The non-smoking pregnant women who were young and live in the core family structure（ the couple or couple with children）,had higher exposure level. The non-smoking pregnant women who had better education,more knowledge of passive smoking and stronger attitude against the passive smoking,had lower exposure level. Conclusions We should strengthen the health education,consciousness of people to tobacco control and follow up the special population of non-smoking pregnant women,thus,to improve the status of passive smoking for pregnant women.

关 键 词：烟草烟污染 干预性研究 评价研究 孕妇 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]