均匀坡微灌毛管适宜布置形式优选  

Appropriate Layouts of Micro-irrigation Laterals Laid on Uniformly Sloping Ground

作　　者：鞠学良 吴普特[1] Weckler R Paul 张林[1] 朱德兰 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]俄克拉荷马州立大学生物系统与农业工程系,斯蒂尔沃特74078 [3]中国旱区节水农业研究院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2016年第5期123-128,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：'十二五'农村领域国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD22B01-02);国家国际合作专项(2014DFG72150);高等学校学科创新引智计划(111计划)项目(B12007)

摘　　要：根据微灌毛管水力解析模型,通过分析微灌双向布置和单向顺坡布置形式对流量偏差率及毛管进口工作水头的影响,得出均匀坡微灌毛管双向布置的适用条件为最佳支管位置参数大于0.13,当最佳支管位置参数不大于0.13时,微灌毛管宜单向顺坡布置。给出了考虑适宜布置形式的均匀坡微灌毛管设计步骤。通过2个设计实例表明:利用最佳支管位置参数标准可有效选取适宜的毛管布置形式,设计步骤简便可行,可直接应用于微灌工程实践中。The chosen of lateral layout is the basis of hydraulic design of micro-irrigation laterals.A simple and easily adaptable analytical approach was developed for the hydraulic design of microirrigation laterals laid on uniformly sloping grounds based on the appropriate layouts. Two indictors for comparing the emitter flow variation and inlet working pressure head from the paired layout and single downhill layout were proposed based on the analytical models of micro-irrigation laterals. By evaluating the effects of micro-irrigation laterals layouts on the emitter flow variation and working pressure head,the application condition for paired layout was suggested as the best manifold position is not less than 0. 13.When the best manifold position is less than 0. 13,the micro-irrigation lateral was proposed to use the single downhill layout in order to save the extra cost of material and installation from the paired layout.The design procedure for hydraulic design of micro-irrigation laterals was revised by considering the determination of appropriate layout. Two design cases covering various conditions indicated that the best manifold position criterion for determining the appropriate layout is more effective than the value of ground slope proposed by Keller method. The proposed approach could produce accurate results for practical purposes. This research could provide valuable information for improving the hydraulic design of microirrigation systems.

关 键 词：微灌 布置形式 双向毛管 解析模型 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]