建筑生态位理论的发展与应用  

Development and Application of Building Niche Theory

作　　者：王晓鸣[1] 彭文俊[1] 华虹[2] 吴晶霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学土木工程与力学学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《土木工程与管理学报》2016年第3期1-8,共8页Journal of Civil Engineering and Management

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2014BAL04B03)

摘　　要：探讨以建筑与环境和谐共生为目标的建筑生态位理论,是促进中国在向生态文明建设转型大背景下城乡建设和建筑学科可持续发展的新领域。论文综述了建筑生态位概念的三个发展演化阶段,分为传统建筑生态位的萌芽、现代建筑生态位的提出、建筑生态元的概念与应用;系统梳理了国内外建筑生态位相关概念和研究进展;界定了建筑生态位的定义,分析了其具有的宽泛性、阈值性和功能性三个基本特性;指出建筑生态位的拓展研究主要涉及维度、宽度、重叠与分离、构建四个方面;提出了建筑生态位理论在建设项目生态位事件优化、城市空间生态位适宜性规划、生态建筑设计、历史街区生态元保护等方面的重点应用途径。最后展望了建筑生态位理论研究和实践应用的优先发展领域。Building niche theory aiming at exploring the harmonious and coexistence between buildings and the environment,is a new field to promote the sustainable development on urban and rural construction and architectural disciplines under the transformation background of ecological civilization construction in China. This paper summarized the three development and evolution phases of building niche concept： the initial phase of traditional building niche,the second phase to put forward modern building niche and the third phase of building ecounit＇s concept and applications. Meanwhile,domestic and foreign-related concepts and research progresses of the building niche were systematically combed. The concept definition of building niche was proposed,which had three basic properties including extensiveness,threshold and functionality. The expanded studies of building niche mainly focused on four aspects： dimensions,width,overlap and separation,and construction. Afterwards,four key application pathways of building niche theory were put forward,such as the optimization of niche events in construction projects,the suitability planning of urban space niche,ecological architecture design,and the conservation of historic districts as ecounits. The priority development fields of theoretical researches and practical applications of building niche were prospected in conclusion.

关 键 词：建筑生态位 生态元 建设 适宜性 

分 类 号：TU023[建筑科学] Q14[生物学—生态学]