我国转基因主粮作物产业化进展、存在问题及对策  

Development, Challenges and Countermeasures for Industrialization of Genetically Modified Staple Crops in China

作　　者：杜建中[1] 郝曜山[1] 王亦学[1] 张欢欢[1] 孙毅[1] 石红卫[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心,太原030031 [2]山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所,太原030031

出　　处：《生物技术进展》2016年第3期159-168,共10页Current Biotechnology

基　　金：国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2014ZX08003001-002-003;2016ZX08003001-002-003)资助

摘　　要：目前,我国转基因产业化种植面积较大的作物只有棉花、木瓜等。主粮作物水稻、玉米的一些转基因品种虽已获安全证书将近7年,但至今尚未进行产业化生产。另一方面,我国每年进口大量的玉米、大豆等农产品,且进口的玉米和大豆中转基因产品占比较高。这是由于一方面国内有关转基因的舆论氛围以及我国目前就转基因作物的研发现状均要求推进转基因主粮作物产业化进程时要稳重、谨慎;另一方面,转基因作物产业化的全球发展趋势、增产潜力、经济和环境效益以及我国在该技术领域的基本策略和国内供需需求,又迫使我们要加快开展转基因主粮作物产业化的进程。如何化解这对矛盾使转基因主粮作物的研发和产业化在适合国情的前提下顺利开展,是目前的主要任务之一,因此有必要就有关转基因作物产业化在我国的发展现状、前景、存在问题和对策予以讨论,以期为我国转基因作物产业化提供参考。At present,only transgenic cotton and papaya are grown in China with large area. Although a few transgenic staple crops varieties,such as rice and maize,had been granted safety assessment certificate for nearly 7 years,they have not been used for commercial use now. In contrast to that,large amounts of maize and soybean products are imported to China every year,and most of them are genetically modified（ GM） products. That is because,on the one hand that the current atmosphere of public opinions on GM crops and the research and development status of GM crops in our country require us to be prudent and cautious to advance transgenic staple crop commercialization; on the other hand,global development tendency,yield-enhancing potential,economic and environmental benefits,and our country＇s basic strategy to gain high ground in this agriculture high-tech field as well as the domestic market demand of GM crops commercial use require us to speed up the commercialization process of GM staple food crops. How to resolve this contradiction and to carry out transgenic staple food crop development and commercialization smoothly in China,it is now one of our main tasks at present. Therefore,it is necessary to discuss the current status,problems and countermeasures of commercial use of GM staple crops in China,hoping to provide reference for realizing GM staple food commercialization in our country in the near future.

关 键 词：转基因 主粮作物 产业化 安全管理 对策 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济] S188[农业科学—农业基础科学]