追溯湮没的学术史:福开森的北宋政治史研究  

Shedding Light on Historiography: John Calvin Ferguson(1866-1945) and His Studies on the Political History of the Northern Song

作　　者：孙健[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学国际中国文化研究院,北京100089

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第3期73-82,共10页Journal of Xiamen University(A Bimonthly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"欧美学界宋史研究的历史脉络研究"(14CZS015);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"文献与学术:宋代典籍海外流传与英语世界宋史研究"(13YJCZH154);北京外国语大学世界亚洲研究信息中心资助项目

摘　　要：20世纪初,美国学者福开森围绕北宋中后期政治史展开了一系列研究。他的研究始于王安石变法,借助这一论题的巨大牵动力,又进而论及朋党之争、北宋灭亡等更宽泛、更开阔的命题,从而将讨论的主题由一个具体的政治人物扩展到其背后的整个时代。福开森的研究在当时具有划时代的意义,它是东西方学术交织的产物,一方面根植于西方学术传统,另一方面又对中国传统史学多有继承,从与中国传统史家截然不同的角度,揭示出王安石变法的"现代"价值与意义,开辟出王安石变法研究的新视野与新路径。它体现了东西方学界的交流与互鉴,既从中国学界获取灵感,也给中国学者以启迪。当前学界所认定的由梁启超开启、占据20世纪上半叶主流的对王安石变法价值的"再思考",实际上便是由福开森的研究而触发的。福开森的研究在很多方面对当前的学术史建构提出了挑战,促使人们思考在东西方学术交织的背景下重构近代宋史研究学术史的价值与意义。In the early 20 thcentury,American scholar John Calvin Ferguson launched a series of studies on the political history of the Late Northern Song. Starting with the study on the Reform of Wang Anshi,Ferguson gave a comprehensive survey of not only the singular events but also the social background,by doing research on far broader topics,such as the conflicts among political parties and the collapse of the Northern Song. Furguson＇s studies had its own importance in his times as a result of scholarly intercommunication between East and West. On the one hand,Ferguson＇s studies were based on the Western tradition of scholarship; on the other hand,he not only followed but also developed the traditional historiography in China,thus distinguishing himself from traditional Chinese historians. Hence,Ferguson＇s study uncovered the＂modernity＂of the Reform of Wang Anshi,and lent a fresh perspective to the study on the Reform of Wang Anshi. Fundamentally,however,Ferguson＇s research was deeply influenced and shaped by cultural interaction betwen Eastern and Western. Many scholars contend that the reevaluation of the Reform of Wang Anshi,led by Liang Qichao and taking up the mainstream of the academic world in China in the first half of the 20 thcentury,must be attributed to Furguson and his studies. In fact,Ferguson was challenging the construction of historiography to prompt scholars to reconsider the academic significance and value of research on the Song Dynasty in the context of intense intercommunication between China and the West.

关 键 词：福开森 北宋政治史 东西学术交流 20世纪学术史 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]