不同职业人群的体力活动水平——基于加速度计和活动日志数据  

Physical Activity Levels in Different Occupational Groups——Based Accelerometer and Activity Log Data

作　　者：王欢[1] 江崇民[1] 蔡睿[1] 刘欣[2] 钱竞光[3] 徐亮亮[2] 徐凯[3] 武东明[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [2]上海体育科学研究所,上海200030 [3]南京体育学院,江苏南京2100141

出　　处：《体育科学》2016年第5期33-38,共6页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAK23B02)

摘　　要：研究目的：采用加速度计与日志两种方法采集不同职业人群的体力活动水平,计算达到国际PA指南的比例,分析达标人群的体力活动特征因素,为今后体力活动的评价和干预提供依据。研究方法：研究对象选取办公室工作者、保洁、服务员、交通协管人员、工厂的一线工人作为非体力劳动、轻体力劳动、中等强度劳动、大强度劳动人群4类职业人群。研究对象佩戴加速度计GT3X连续佩戴1周,同时使用＂日志法＂,填写说明记录每日（24h）体力活动的日记。研究结果：1）4类职业人群的体力活动有明显差别。随着劳动强度的增加,工作日以＂分钟＂累计的MVPA时间和活动能耗递增,而静坐时间递减。而以10min为单位计算的MVPA集中在10~16 min,4类职业之间的差异没有显著性。休息日4类职业的MVPA时间显著低于工作日,静坐时间高于工作日。2）使用＂分钟＂MVPA参数计算不同职业人群达到PA指南的比例≥60%,其中工厂体力劳动达到100%。基于Bout参数,人群达标率9%~19%,体力劳动者的达标率低于非体力者。3）不同职业PA达标人群的日常体力活动主要以步行为主,其中上下班步行是最主要的活动。结论：不同职业人群体力活动水平和特征不仅与职业劳动强度、是否上班有关,还与所用测量仪器以及评价参数有关,加速度计不同的参数具有不同的评价意义。The purpose of this study was to evaluate the PA level of different occupations, the prevalence of meeting PA guidelines, and to identify the PA contents for the compliance groups by using accelerometer and log methods. It would provide the basis for physical activity interventions. Method： A total of 312 adults aged 20 to 50 from 12 workplaces volunteered to par- ticipate in the study. According to the labor intensity, the participants were divided into four categories. The office worker at universities and libraries were defined as non-manual workers; the cleaner, waiter, traffic-police assistance were defined as light PA workers l the workers in the production line in factories as moderate and vigorous PA workers. They wore the accelerometer GT3X for a continuous week. Their PA logs of every day activity were recorded using the ＂Log Method＂. Results： 1. The physical activity level of four occupational groups was significantly different. With the increased labor intensity, the MVPA time accumulated by ＂mi- nutes＂ and the PA energy expenditure increased and the sedentary time decreased in the week days. There was no significant difference in the MVPA calculated by ＂bout＂. The MVPA time in the weekend days was significantly lower than the week days but the sedentary time in weekend days was higher than week days among the occupational groups. 2. The proportion of meeting the PA guidelines in different occupations was≥ 60% when calculated by mintune- MVPA. Whereas the compliance rate was 9 % to 19% based on bout parameters, and non- manual workers had higher compliance rate than manual workers. 3. MVPA of almost all persons who met the standard relied on walking. Walking to work was the major moderate and vigorous activity. Conclusions and Suggestions：The PA levels and characteristics of in differ- ent occupations are not only related to the type of occupations,work or not, but also related to the measuring instrument and the evaluation parameters. Different evaluation parameters for accelerome

关 键 词：体力活动 加速度计 体力活动指南 中等强度 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]