陇南旱地油橄榄细根纵向生长力研究  

Vertical Growth of Olive Fine Roots in Arid Mountains of Longnan

作　　者：汪加魏[1] 马履一[1] 施侃侃[1] 张东升[2] 包春南 邓煜 张燕 贾忠奎[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护重点实验室,北京100083 [2]新疆林业科学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [3]陇南市经济林研究院油橄榄研究所,甘肃武都746000 [4]陇南市气象局,甘肃武都746000

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2016年第3期57-62,共6页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201204410);国家林业局;财政部重大专项(2130221)

摘　　要：以陇南市白龙江干热河谷地区的油橄榄作为对象,运用垂直剖面取土法,分析0～20、20～40cm与40～60cm土层的细根特征。结果表明：油橄榄细根（直径0～2mm）的长度、表面积、体积、细根生物量和细根活力都随土层深度的增加而显著减小,0～20cm中的各指标均占总数的50%左右;0～20cm土层是油橄榄水分和养分吸收的重要部分,在施肥和灌水时应考虑最佳深度在0～20cm以内,且灌水的最大渗透范围不应超过60cm。不同径阶的（0〈D≤0．2mm、0．2〈D≤0．5mm、0．5〈D≤1mm、1〈D≤2mm）细根长度、表面积、体积、根尖数量都随土层纵向深度的加深而显著减小，而直径为0．2～1mm的细根长度和表面积均占总长度和总表面积的80％左右，0．2～1mm的细根是油橄榄养分和水分吸收的主体。Vertical growth of olive rootlet in arid mountains in dry-hot valleys of Bailong River in Longnan was investigated.The vertical soil profile was made to exam the fine root characteristics in soil layers of 0-20,20-40,and 40-60 cm.The results showed that the length,surface area,volume,biomass and root activity of olive fine roots decreased significantly with the increase of the soil depth.Various indexes of fine roots in 0-20 cm layer accounted for about 50% of the total,it was an important soil layer for moisture and nutrient absorption for olive fine roots.Therefore,it should be considered as the best soil depth for fertilization and irrigation.The maximum infiltration range of irrigation should not be more than 60 cm.The length,surface area,volume,root quantity of the fine roots with different diameter levels（0D≤0.2,0.2D≤0.5,0.5D≤1,1D≤2mm）greatly decreased along with the deepening of the soil vertical depth.The length and surface area of 0.2-1mm（diameter）fine roots accounted for 80%of the total,indicating that these roots play important roles for the nutrient and moisture absorption.

关 键 词：油橄榄 细根 纵向生长 旱地 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]