基于船舶受力试验的丁坝区通航安全问题研究  

Navigation safety in spur dike area based on ship force experiment

作　　者：李佳[1] 沈小雄[1,2] 胡旭跃[1,2] 陈家贵[1] 刘双[1] 杨陆鑫 

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南省水沙科学与水灾害防治重点实验室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《水运工程》2016年第5期70-75,共6页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：交通部科技课题项目(20113280001570)

摘　　要：利用三维点式多普勒流速仪（ADV）对丁坝区流场进行量测,并通过高精度测力天平和数字式应变数据采集仪测量船模在不同流速下丁坝区域不同位置处的纵向和横向二维受力状况,分析船舶在丁坝区域航行时的受力特性,从受力角度研究船舶在整治建筑物附近的通航安全问题。试验研究表明,船舶在经过丁坝时横向受力会经历一次正向（推力）峰值和一次负向（吸力）峰值,正向（推力）峰值出现的位置为船体中心移动至丁坝上游0.56~0.67倍船长范围,负向（吸力）峰值出现的位置为船体中心位于丁坝下游0.11~0.44倍船长范围,且船体横向距坝头越远,极值出现得越晚。纵向受力极值出现位置为船舶中心位于丁坝下游0.065~0.28倍船长范围,且随着来流流速增大,极值点有向下游推移的趋势。A three-dimensional point-type Doppler velocimeter（ ADV） is used to measure the flow field in the spur dike area, and a high-precision force balance and a digital strain data acquisition instrument are used to measure the longitudinal and transverse two-dimensional force conditions of the ship model at different positions in the spur dike area under different flow velocities.On this basis, the force characteristic of the ship navigating in the spur dike area is analyzed, and the navigation safety of the ship near regulating structures is investigated from the force perspective.The experimental results show that when the ship passes by the spur dike, the transverse force will have a forward（ thrust） peak and a reverse（ suction） peak.The forward（ thrust） peak appears at the position where the ship center is moved upstream of the spur dike in the range which is 0. 56 ~ 0. 67 time of the ship length; the reverse（ suction） peak appears at the position where the ship center is located downstream of the spur dike in the range which is 0. 11 ~ 0. 44 time of the ship length; the longer the transverse distance between the ship and the dike head is, the later the extreme value will appear.The extreme value of longitudinal force appears at the position where the ship center is located downstream of the spur dike in the range which is 0. 065 ~ 0. 28 time of the ship length; as the approaching flow velocity increases, the extreme point tends to evolve downstream.

关 键 词：丁坝 通航安全距离 水流特性 船舶受力 

分 类 号：U617.9[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]