纳晶铜晶粒尺寸对热导率的影响  

Influence of grain size on the thermal conduction of nanocrystalline copper

作　　者：刘英光[1] 张士兵[1] 韩中合[1] 赵豫晋 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,保定071003

出　　处：《物理学报》2016年第10期156-163,共8页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51301069);河北省自然科学基金(批准号:E2014502073);中央高校基本科研究业务费(批准号:2014MS114)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：用热压烧结法制备得到纳晶铜块体.用激光法测定了不同温度下制备得到的纳晶铜块体的热导率,并建立卡皮查热阻模型对样品热导率进行模拟.通过对比,模拟结果与实验数据基本一致.随着热压烧结温度的升高,纳晶铜晶粒尺寸也随之增大.在900和700?C其热导率分别达到了最大和最小值且所对应的热导率分别为200.63和233.37 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),各占粗晶铜块体热导率的53.4%和60.6%.验证了纳晶铜热导率在一定的晶粒尺寸范围内具有尺寸效应,随着晶粒尺寸的减小,热导率逐渐减小.Naocrystalline（nc）material shows lower thermal conductivity than its coarse grain counterpart,which restricts its engineering applications.In order to study the effects of grain size and grain boundary on the thermal conductivity of nc material,nc copper is prepared by the high pressure sintering method.The pure nc Cu powder is used as the starting material,and the high pressure sintering experiment is carried out under a DS6 × 14 MN cubic press.Prior to the high pressure sintering experiment,the Cu powders are first pre-compressed into cylinders,then they are compressed under5 GPa at temperatures ranging from 700 to 900？C for 30 min.The grain size and micro-structural characteristics are investigated by the scanning electron microscope（SEM）and X-ray diffraction（XRD）.The results show that the sintered Cu bulk material can achieve nearly full densification with a relative density of 99.98% and the grain growth of the Cu particles is effectively inhibited.The thermal conductivity measurement is performed by NETZSCH LFA–427 at 300 K and 45% RH.The test results show that the thermal conductivity of nc copper is lower than that of its coarse grain counterpart,and the thermal conductivity increases with grain size increasing.For example,as the grain size increases from 390 to 715 nm,the corresponding thermal conductivity increases from 200.63 to 233.37 W·m^-1·K^-1,which are53.4% and 60.6% of the thermal conductivity of the coarse grain copper,respectively.For a better understanding of the effects of grain boundary and size on the thermal conductivity of nc material,a simple modified model,with special emphasis on the contributions of electron and phonon conduction,is presented by incorporating the concept of the Kapitza resistance into an effective medium approach.The theoretical calculations are in good agreement with our experimental results.The combination of experimental results and theoretical calculations concludes that the thermal conductivity of nc material is weakened mainly by two factors�

关 键 词：纳晶铜 热导率 晶粒尺寸 卡皮查热阻 

分 类 号：TG146.11[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]