黑河中游荒漠-绿洲过渡带斑块状植被区积沙量的空间异质性分析  

Spatial heterogeneity of sand deposition in patch vegetation plots of desert-oasis ecotone in the middle reaches of the Heihe River

作　　者：王德金[1] 胡广录[1] 廖亚鑫 樊立娟[1] 张宏伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2016年第5期105-112,共8页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41161082);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(1107RJZA167)资助

摘　　要：基于2012-2013年黑河中游荒漠-绿洲过渡带斑块状植被区的野外观测资料,并结合临泽内陆河流域综合野外气象观测站资料,利用空间异质性方法对积沙量进行分析。分析结果表明:1)2012年和2013年各月积沙量均存在着明显的空间异质性,2012年各月(除8月外)的积沙量变异主要为随机变异(83.00%-93.04%),起沙风速、起沙风频率的增加或RDP/DP的减小,有利于积沙量的增加,而降雨及降雨过程对积沙量具有消减作用;2012年8月2013年各月的积沙量变异为结构性变异(88.38%-94.85%),变异主要受到表层土壤干湿状况,植被分布和走向、微地形变化的影响。2)2012年和2013年积沙量分布各有特点,2012年积沙量空间分布呈片状分布,从西北向东南递减;而2013年各月积沙量呈带状分布,临近样地中央的两条样带积沙量较高,与植被和微地形走向较为一致。3)积沙量的变异类型与模型类型具有一致性,2012年各月(除8月外)变异类型为随机变异,变异模型为Linear型;2012年8月2013年各月变异类型为结构性变异,变异模型为Exponential型。这种一致性与积沙过程相关,尤其与风蚀积沙的积累效应(经数月的风沙物质积累,在春季得到放大)有关。The spatial heterogeneity of sediment deposition in patch vegetation zone of oasis- desert ecotone in the middle reaches of the Heihe River in 2012 and 2013 was analyzed combined with the consistent meteorological observatory data in the comprehensive field of continental river basin in Linze County. The results show that sediment deposition quantity existed significant spatial heterogeneity in 2012 and 2013. From April to July in2012,the sediment deposition quantity variation was mainly caused by the random variation（ 83. 00%- 93.04%）,and which increased as the speed and frequency of sand blowing wind increased. Decreasing the RDP /DP could lead to the increase of sediment deposition. In term of precipitation,it had two sides（ increase or decrease）. Meanwhile,rainfall and the rainfall process had negative effect on the sediment deposition. In August2012 and from March and April in 2013,the sediment deposition quantity variation was caused by the structural variation（ 88. 38- 94. 85%）,which reigned from largely driven by surface soil dry wet condition,the vegetation distribution and the influence of the tiny terrain changes. Considering the spatial distribution of sediment deposition quantity,it presented a patchy distribution,decreasing from northwest to southeast in 2012. While it distributed in narrow belt in 2013,which had high sediment deposition near the middle of two samples in sample area along with the strike of the vegetation and the tiny terrain. The sediment deposition variation types was consistent with the model types of sediment deposition. The variation types was the random and the model was Linear from April to July in 2012,while the variation types was structural and the model was Exponential in August 2012 and From March and April in 2013. This consistency was associated with sediment deposition process,especially with the accumulation of the sands in the wind erosion effect（ after months of material accumulation,is amplified in the spring）.

关 键 词：荒漠-绿洲过渡带 积沙量 空间异质性 

分 类 号：P931.3[天文地球—自然地理学]