鲤幼鱼标准代谢率的个体差异与运动性能和摄食代谢的关系  

Intraspecific Differences in Standard Metabolic Rate and Its Correlations With Locomotion and Feeding Metabolism in Juvenile Common Carp(Cyprinus carpio)

作　　者：张曦[1,2] 曾令清[1] 付世建[1] 彭姜岚[1] 曹振东[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学进化生理与行为学实验室,动物生物学重庆市重点实验室,重庆401331 [2]重庆市北碚区王朴中学,重庆400717

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2016年第3期384-394,共11页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31300341,31172096);重庆市自然科学基金项目(No.cstc2014jcyj A00018);重庆市教委科技项目(No.KJ130619)

摘　　要：为考察鲤科鱼类种内个体标准代谢率的差异及其与运动性能和摄食性能的内在关联,本研究以我国广泛分布的鲤（Cyprinids cardio）幼鱼[体重（4.79±0.08）g,n=36]为实验对象,在（25.0±1.0）℃下分别测量实验鱼的标准代谢率（SMR）,随后测定单尾鱼的特殊动力作用（SDA）、自发运动、临界游泳速度以及活跃代谢率（MO2active）。实验鱼标准代谢率（SMR）的变幅为76.7～317.6 mg/（kg·h）,其变异系数（CV）达24.4%;实验鱼在10 min内的尾鳍摆动次数（P〈0.05）和摄食代谢峰值（P〈0.05）均与标准代谢率（SMR）呈正相关;活跃代谢率（MO2active）（P〈0.05）与摄食代谢峰值以及活跃代谢范围与摄食代谢范围（P〈0.05）均呈正相关。然而,鲤幼鱼的标准代谢率（SMR）与相对临界游泳速度、活跃代谢率（MO2active）、特殊动力作用（SDA）时间和特殊动力作用（SDA）总量均不相关（所有P〉0.05）。研究表明,较高标准代谢率（SMR）的鲤幼鱼个体表现较高的活跃性和较强的摄食代谢能力,可能有助于其更易发现食物、逃避天敌以及加快食物处理。There seems to be a correlation between standard metabolic rate（SMR） and other physiological traits（e.g., swimming performance and feeding metabolism） in fishes under either natural habitats or artificial rearing conditions, which attract many researchers to study. Like other behavioral traits, mass-specific SMR（or maintenance metabolism） also varies greatly among individuals. To our knowledge, most studies on these correlations between SMR variation and other physiological traits（e.g., swimming performance and feeding metabolism） focused on the genus Oncorhynchus and Salmon, and those reports on the cyprinid fish are seldom. The objective of present study was to investigate the intraspecies differences in SMR, and its potential relationships with locomotion performance and feeding metabolism in the cyprinid fish. To address our research goals, juvenile common carps（Cyprinus carpio）（body mass： 4.79 ± 0.08 g, n = 36）, a fresh water species, which are widely distributed in the rivers, lakes and other water bodies in the China, were used as experimental model and acclimated at 25.0 ± 1.0 ℃. Each fish individual was transferred to a respiratory chamber within a continuous-flow respirometer（11 chambers per respirometer）, and the SMR of each fish was measured by using a dissolved oxygen meter（HQ20, Hach Company, Loveland, USA）. Then, the specific dynamic action（SDA）, spontaneous swimming behaviour, critical swimming speeding（Ucrit） and active metabolic rate（MO2active） of the fish were also examined by using both the Blazka-type swimming tunnel respirometer and the continuous-flow respirometer. All correlations between SMR and other parameters were performed with the partial correlation analysis. All values are reported as the Mean ± SE, and P〈0.05 was used as the level for statistical significance. The software SPSS（19.0, USA） was used for the data analysis. Our results showed that the SMR of the C. carpio ranged from 76.7 to 317.6 mg /（kg·h） with a CV of 24

关 键 词：个体差异 标准代谢率 特殊动力作用 自发运动 临界游泳速度 鲤 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]