应力腐蚀机理和基于FEM的应力腐蚀裂纹扩展模拟技术的研究进展  

Research Progress of Stress Corrosion Mechanism and SCC Propagation Based on FEM

作　　者：刘春江[1,2,3,4] 姜涛[1,2,3,4] 刘新灵[1,2,3,4] 何玉怀[1,2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空材料研究院,北京100095 [2]航空材料检测与评价北京市重点实验室,北京100095 [3]材料检测与评价航空科技重点实验室,北京100095 [4]中航工业失效分析中心,北京100095

出　　处：《失效分析与预防》2016年第2期111-116,共6页Failure Analysis and Prevention

摘　　要：本研究总结了应力腐蚀研究的5个经典理论:活性通路理论、钝化膜破坏理论、氢脆理论、腐蚀产物楔入模型和环境破裂三阶段理论。详细介绍了最为广泛接受的钝化膜破坏理论,在此基础上,从单一参数计算和应力腐蚀裂纹扩展模拟两个方面着重介绍了基于有限元方法对应力腐蚀裂纹扩展的研究方法和技术,单一参数计算可以满足获取应力腐蚀裂纹扩展预测模型关键参数,但是将裂纹尖端认为是一个点的假设存在不合理,应力腐蚀裂纹扩展模拟可以将载荷和环境因素综合考虑在内,但还仍然不能仿真出裂纹微观扩展现象。研究结合实践总结提出了应力腐蚀裂纹扩展模拟的工程技术方法,讨论了有限元技术在应力腐蚀研究方面不能实现微观物理过程、时间相关性等存在的问题,指出了基于应力腐蚀时间相关性的应力腐蚀裂纹扩展模拟研究是应力腐蚀破坏预防及预测研究工作的重点。Five classical theories on stress corrosion mechanism,which are activity path theory,passivation film rupture theory,hydrogen embrittlement theory,corrosion products wedge model and environmental cracking three-stage theory,were summarized,and among them the wideliest-accepted passivation film rupture theory was discussed in detail.Based on this,the research methods and techniques of stress corrosion propagation based on finite element method（ FEM） were introduced from the following two aspects： single parameter computation and stress corrosion crack propagation simulation.Single parameter computation could obtain the key parameters of the stress corrosion crack propagation prediction model,but the hypothesis that the crack tip is a point was unreasonable.The stress corrosion crack growth simulation could take load and environmental corrosion factors into account,but it could not simulate the microscopic cracking phenomenon.In addition,a technical method for stress corrosion crack simulation was put forward based on engineering practice.Finally,the problems of FEM for stress corrosion research were discussed.For example,it cannot realize microphysical processes and time relationship.It is assumed that stress corrosion crack simulation based on stress corrosion time will be emphasized in the field of stress corrosion damage prediction of prevention in the future.

关 键 词：应力腐蚀裂纹 机理分析 有限元 裂纹扩展 

分 类 号：O346.22[理学—固体力学]