中国东部近海北上再发展台风的加强机制分析  

Strengthening Mechanisms Analysis on Typhoons Moving Northward over the Marginal Seas of East China

作　　者：吴云帆[1] 高山红[1] 朱先德[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室 [2]中国人民解放军91422部队

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2016年第1期9-16,共8页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

摘　　要：针对近30a(1982-2012)我国东部近海151例台风,按照路径与强度进行了统计分析。结果表明:38%的台风会北上登陆,而在登陆台风中有约26%(15例)会再次发展。首先,挑选3例典型台风(2001年Toraji、2004年Haima与2009年Linfa),利用大气再分析数据辅以卫星云图,进行了细致的加强机制分析。发现它们的相同之处是皆于西风槽前、高空急流入口区右侧、低空急流左侧再次发展;此外,Toraji与Haima中心处有冷暖空气的交汇促进斜压位能的释放而加强。然后,进一步将分析方法用于全部15例台风,发现:再次加强程度较弱的台风潜热释放起重要的作用;而加强程度较强的台风主要靠斜压位能的释放,若同时存在较强的潜热释放的作用,加强程度极容易变得很强。The statistical analysis on 151 typhoon cases over the China marginal seas during the latest 30 years （1982-2012） are carried out according to their tracks and intensities. It is found that about 26% （15 cases） of the landing typhoons develop again as they move northward. The strengthening mecha- nisms of 3 typical typhoon cases （Toraji in 2001, Haima in 2004 and Linfa in 2009） are investigated by using both atmospheric reanalysis data and satellite images. These typhoons strengthened again when they arrived in front of the westerly trough, at the right side of the entrance of high level jet stream, and at the left side of low level jet stream. In addition, the cold air invaded into the warm centers of Toraji and Haima to release the baroclinic potential energy resulting in their strengthening. Further a nalysis on all 15 cases is performed one by one. The result indicates that latent heat release plays an im- portant role for those weakly strengthening typhoons; the strongly-strengthening typhoons mainly rely on the release of baroclinic potential energy and they will become much stronger if latent heat release occurs at the same time.

关 键 词：东部近海台风 统计分析 再次发展 斜压位能 潜热释放 

分 类 号：P732.3[天文地球—海洋科学]