从史籍及《格萨尔》看丝绸之路与西藏的关系  

The Relationship Between Silk Road and Tibet Based on the History Books of Tibet and the Gesar Epic

作　　者：保罗[1] 

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区社会科学院,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《西藏研究》2016年第2期71-79,共9页Tibetan Studies

摘　　要：西藏自古以来是中国领土不可分割的一部分,西藏人民是中华民族大家庭中的重要成员。考古学、人类学、民族学、历史学、社会学、语言学等多学科充分证明,藏汉等我国56个民族同根同源,西藏与祖国内地又有特殊地缘关系,文化上属于一脉相承的同一文化圈。丝绸之路是中华民族对人类文明进步所作出的重要贡献,使沿线各国人民开阔视野、敞开胸怀、增强了解、促进交流、互利双赢、助推发展。我国古代丝绸之路分为北方(陆路)丝绸之路和南方(海上)丝绸之路,南方丝绸之路又分陆路和海路。据考古资料显示,自远古起西藏人民与我国各兄弟民族间有着广泛而深入的交往交流交融关系,都为开发雪域高原、缔造中华文化、维护边疆安全作出了积极贡献。依据汉藏文献资料及《格萨尔》史诗中的相关信息,就古代丝绸之路与西藏之间的关系进行初步探析,可以窥见一些值得学界关注的重要问题。比如,隋朝以前,北方丝绸之路上的张掖、敦煌、于阗等地与当时西藏高原上的苏毗、象雄、东女国等部落和部族之间分布着四通八达的交通网,而且直通到印度、尼泊尔、缅甸等国家,当时西藏商贾从张掖等输入的主要货物是丝绸,说明古代西藏既有北方丝绸之路的分道,又有与南方陆路丝绸之路相连的通道。经分析,古代西藏不仅是丝绸之路的莫大受益者,也是丝绸之路的积极拓展者,所有这些都得我们去发现和研究。According to writing historical materials and the heroic stories of King Gesar,the history of the relationship between Tibet and Silk Road dates back to the Sui Dynasty when places like Zhangye,Dunhuang and Yutian in the Silk Road begun to have contact with places such as Subi,Xiangxiong and Eastern Kinsdom of Women in the Tibetan plateau. At the time silk was the most favorite materials that Tibetan businessmen imported from Zhangye and so on. There were busy traffics between those above mentioned regions and this road eventually reached into some South- Asian countries including India,Nepal and Burma. This means that there was a branch road of the Silk Road inside Tibet and it even extended into the territories of many South Asian countries. This paper pointed out that Tibet was not only the beneficiaries of the Silk Road but also an active extended region. Therefore,it is worthwhile to discover and research the history about the Silk Road.

关 键 词：《格萨尔》 丝绸之路 文化圈 

分 类 号：K29[历史地理—历史学]