基于工程约束的火星着陆区选择  

Selection of the Martian Landing Site Based on the Engineering Constraints

作　　者：董捷[1] 王闯[1] 赵洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《深空探测学报》2016年第2期134-139,共6页Journal Of Deep Space Exploration

摘　　要：火星着陆区选择是火星着陆及巡视任务的重要工作之一,着陆区选择需要兼顾科学目标和工程约束,考虑高风险的任务特点,火星着陆任务的工程约束更为重要。工程约束涉及着陆区表面特征、任务轨道、大气等。表面特征包括地理高程、斜坡及地形起伏、岩石分布、尘土厚度、光照、热约束情况。这些因素将影响探测器进入、下降和着陆(EDL)过程的安全性和火星车移动能力。首先针对这些工程约束进行了排序与筛选;然后建立了基于模糊算法的分析模型,通过模糊推理得到各着陆区域的评价指标,从而进行着陆区选择;最后基于Exo Mars2020任务的备选着陆区进行了方法验证。The selection of landing site is one of the vital steps for the Martian landing and roving mission. Both the scientific objectives and the engineering constraints should be considered. The engineering constraints are more important for the Martian landing mission due to the high risks in the process,which are mainly related to the surface characteristics of the landing sites,mission trajectory,atmosphere,etc. The surface characteristics include local elevation,slopes and relief,rocks distribution,dust thickness,sunlight and thermal constraints that can affect the EDL safety and the rover mobility. At first the engineering constraints are listed out and sorted in this paper. Then the analysis model based on fuzzy algorithm is set up,and the index for evaluating the suitability of different landing sites based on fuzzy inference is proposed. Finally,the method is validated based on the landing sitts of Exo Mars 2020 mission.

关 键 词：火星着陆点 工程约束 进入 下降与着陆(EDL) 模糊算法 

分 类 号：V525[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]