甲基丙烯酸丁酯接枝改性纤维素纤维的制备与吸附性能研究  

Preparation and characterization of butyl methacrylate graft-modified cellulose fiber

作　　者：史志强[1] 赵东[1] 封严[1] 贺广东 范兰兰[1] 王岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学先进纺织复合材料教育部重点实验室,天津300160

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2016年第5期196-199,共4页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51103100);国家级大学生创新创业计划项目(201310058005);天津市科技计划资助项目(14TXGCCX00014)

摘　　要：以精梳落棉纤维为基材,甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)为接枝单体,过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,二乙烯基苯(DVB)为交联剂,采用非均相自由基接枝聚合法制备对柴油具有良好吸附功能和稳定持油性能的甲基丙烯酸丁酯接枝改性纤维素纤维。采用TEM、FT-IR、XRD对纤维形貌、结构及结晶度进行了表征,探讨了接枝工艺中单体、引发剂、交联剂用量及反应温度、时间等参数对接枝改性纤维素纤维吸油率的影响。结果表明,甲基丙烯酸丁酯接枝改性纤维素纤维的最佳合成条件为:精梳落棉∶甲基丙烯酸丁酯∶过硫酸钾∶二乙烯基苯(质量比)=1∶1.5∶0.025∶0.63,反应温度为75℃,时间为4h。所制备的改性纤维素纤维相比改性前纤维,结晶度增加,亲油拒水性加强,浸渍于柴油中时,饱和吸油率为15.63g/g,在油水混合条件下浮油浓度为0.13g/mL时,其对柴油的吸油率为11.63g/g,吸水率为1.34g/g,且具有良好的悬浮性能。Butyl methacrylate graft-modified cellulose fiber was synthesized by free radical polymerization with cotton noil as substrate,butyl methacrylate as grafting monomer,potassium persulphate as initiator and divinyl benzene as crosslinking agent.The modified cellulose fiber had excellent sorption capacity and high oil retention capacity to diesel.The morphologies,chemical structures and crystallinity were investigated using TEM,FT-IR and XRD.Furthermore,several parameters were considered to evaluate the sorption capacity of fiber,such as ratio of butyl methacrylate/potassium persulphate/divinyl benzene,reaction time and polymerization temperature.The results showed that under the optimum synthesis conditions：m（comb noil）∶m（butyl methacrylate）∶m（potassium persulphate）∶m（divinyl benzene）∶=1∶1.5∶0.025∶0.63,75℃,4h,the fiber would obtain better qualities of lipophilicity and hydrophobicity.Its saturated oil absorption rate to diesel was up to 15.63g/g,when it was immersed into the oil-water mixture which the concentration was 0.13g/mL,its oil absorption ratio was 11.63g/g and its water absorption ratio was 1.34g/g.At the same time,the fiber shown a better characteristics of buoyancy,this meaned that it would be easier to be utilized to deal with oil cleanup.

关 键 词：精梳落棉 纤维素 甲基丙烯酸丁酯 自由基接枝聚合 吸油 

分 类 号：TQ342.86[化学工程—化纤工业]